602 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
Clarke, Escambia, Washington, Baldwin, and Mobile counties. Flowers white, June. 
Shrub or more frequently low tree, 15 to 30 teet high and 6 to 12 inches in diameter. 
Most frequent in the Lower Pine region and Coast plain, forming dense thickets. 
Type locality: ‘‘Hab. in Carolinae pinetis humentibus.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
CLIFTONIA Banks in Gaert. f. Fruct. Suppl. 246, ¢. 225. 1805. 
(MyLocaryum Willd. Enum, Fl. 54. 1807.) 
Cliftonia monophylla (Lam.) Britton, Bull. Torr. Club, 16:310. 1889. 
Ti-T1. BuCKWHEAT TREE. 
Pielea monophylla Lam. Ilust. 1: 336. 1791. : 
Cliftonia nitida Gaert. f. Fruct. 3: 247, t. 225, f. 5. 1805. 
Milocaryum ligustrinum Willd. Enum. 454, 1807. 
Cliftonia ligustrina Spreng. Syst. 2:316. 1825. 
Ell. Sk. 1:508. Chap. Fl. 273. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 2:7, 1. 62. 
Louisianian area. Georgia, Florida west to eastern Louisiana. 
ALABAMA: Upper division Coast Pine belt to Coast plain. Wet pine barrens, in 
sour peaty soil. Flowers white, slightly fragrant, middle of March to April. Large 
shrub to tree of almost medium size, 25 to 35 feet high, and 8 to 12 inches in diameter, 
forming almost impenetrable thickets, acres in extent—the so-called ti-ti swamps. 
Economic uses: The wood is excellent fuel. 
Type locality: ‘‘E Carolinia. Fraser.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
ILICACEAE. Holly Family.! 
ILBX L, Sp. Pl. 1:125. 1753. 
About 150 species, warm temperate regions of both hemispheres. Europe, Asia, 
South America. North America, 14 or 15, largely Southeastern. Trees or shrubs, 
Tlex opaca Ait. Hort. Kew. 1:169. 1789. ; HOLty. 
Ell. Sk. 2:679. Gray, Man. ed.6,108. Chap. Fl. 269. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:56. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 1:107, ¢. 45. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southeastern Massachusetts, New York to 
Florida, west to the Trinity Valley, Texas, Arkansas, and southeastern Missouri. 
ALABAMA: Throughout the State. Rich woodlands. Flowers white, April; fruit 
ripe in September and October, scarlet, remaining over winter. From 25 to 40 feet 
high and 10 to 15 inches in diameter. Of largest size and most frequent in the rich 
second bottom lands of the Prairie region and Upper division of the Coast Pine belt. 
Economic uses: An ornamental tree, the wood useful. 
Type locality: ‘“‘Native of Carolina.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Tlex cassine L. Sp. Pl. 1:125. 1753. Not Walt. Danoon HOoiuy. 
Tlex dahoon Walt. Fl. Car. 241. 1788. 
L. laurifolia Nutt. Am. Journ. Sci. 5: 289. 1822. 
FIL Sk. 2:680. Gray, Man.ed.6, 108. Chap.Fl. 269. Sargent, Silv. N. A.1:108, 
t. 46, 
Louisianian area, Southeastern Virginia along the coast to valley of St. Johns 
River; Florida along the coast to Mississippi. 
ALABAMA: Coast plain. Alluvialswamps. Baldwin County, Stockton. Mobile 
County, swamps of Mobile and Dog rivers. Flowers sordid white, April; fruit ripe 
in September and October, scarlet. Among the dense swamp growth a stout shrub; 
in more exposed situations from 20 to fully 35 feet high and 6 to 12 inches in diam- 
eter. Not common. 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in Carolina.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Tlex myrtifolia Walt. Fl. Car. 241. 1788. MyRTLE-LEAF Daroon Hotty. 
Ilex angustifolia Willd. Enum. 172. 1807. 
I. dahoon var. myrtifolia Chap. F'1. 269. 
Ell. 8k. 2:681. Chap. Fl.l.c. 
Louisianian area. North Carolina to Florida and western Louisiana. 
‘Wm. Trelease, Revision of North American Ilicineae and Celastraceac, Trans. 
St. Louis Acad. Sci. vol. 5, pp. 343 to 348, 1889. 
