VIOLET FAMILY. 627 
Viola carolina Greene, Pittonia, 3: 259. 1898. CAROLINA VIOLET. 
Acaulescent, low, foliage thickish, depressed; leaves flat, cordate-ovate or round- 
cordate, basallobes broadly rounded, with a more or less open sinus, margins crenu- 
late, sparsely ciliate, minutely hairy above, densely pubescent on the lower side like 
the peduncles and petioles, the latter longer than the leaf blade; sepals obtuse, 
petals pale purplish blue, little hairy at the base, spur large, prominently saccate. 
Very distinct from Viola papilionacea by the above characters. 
Louisianian area. North Carolina and Georgia near the coast. 
ALABAMA: Lower Pine region, Borders of copses, dry grassy pastures. Mobile 
County, Springhill. March 14, 1898. : 
Type locality: ‘‘ Wilmington, N. C.” (Wm. Canby). 
Viola alabamensis Pollard, Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash.13:169. 1900. 
“Acaulescent, of dwarf and spreading habit, from slender nearly vertical root- 
stocks; leaves small, sparingly hirsute, the blade cordate, suborbicular, 1.5 to 2 cm. 
in length, the slender petiole as long or twice as long; flowering scapes greatly 
exceeding the foliage (7 to 8 cm. long) the flower purple, 2.5 cm. in diameter; petals 
broadly oblong, the margins obscurely erose or fimbriate; sepals small, ovate-lanceo- 
late; cleistogamous flowers and fruit not observed.” 
Carolinian and Lonisianian areas. 
ALABAMA: Mountainregion. Upper division of Coast Pine belt. Border of woods 
and open copses. Cullman County, March 22, 1899. Clarke County, Suggsville 
(Dr. Denny, March 25, 1852). 
Type locality: Suggsville, Clarke County, Ala. (Erroneously given as ‘Sucks- 
ville, Washington County, Alabama.”) 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. (Type specimens in both.) 
Viola papilionacea Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept.1:173. 1814. Common Woop VIOLET. 
Viola cucullata Le Conte, Ann. Lye. N.Y. 2:187. 1828. Not Ait. Fide Greene, 
Pittonia, 4: 140. 
V. communis Pollard, Bot. Gaz. 26: 336. 1898. Not Wittrock. 
V. obliqua and V. cucullata of recent authors, not of Hill or Ait. 
Ell. Sk.1:299. Gray, Man. ed.6,79,in part. Chap. F1. 33, in part. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. New York, Pennsylvania, south to Florida. 
ALABAMA: Over the State. Woods and copses. Damp and dry soil. Flowers 
pale blue; February, March; common. Perennial. 
‘Type locality: ‘‘Near Philadelphia in wet places.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Viola villosa Walt. Fl. Car. 219. 1788. Sort Hairy VIOLET. 
Viola cucullata var. cordata Gray, Man. ed.5, 78. 1867. In part. 
Viola palmata villosa Robinson in Gray, Syn. Fl. Am. 1, pt.1:196. 1895. 
Ell. Sk.1:297. Chap. F1.33. Gray, Syn. FI.N.A.1.c. . 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southern New York, eastern Pennsylvania, 
Missouri, and Arkansas, south to North Carolina and Florida. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Metamorphic hills. Lee County, Auburn, 800 feet. 
Flowers pale blue. March; rare. Perennial. 
Type locality: ‘‘South Carolina.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Viola sagittata Ait. Hort. Kew. 3: 287. 1789. ARROW-LEAY VIOLET, 
Gray, Man. ed.6,79. Chap. F1.33. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 1: 196. 
Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Nova Scotia, Quebec, and Ontario; New Eng- 
land to Minnesota, south to New Jersey, Virginia, Tennessee, Missouri, and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Lower hills. Open woods in light dry ground. Tuscaloosa County 
(E. A. Smith). Flowers blue. April; not frequent. Perennial. 
Type locality: ‘‘Native of Pennsylvania.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Viola leconteana G. Don, Hist. Dichl. Pl. 1: 324. 1831. Swret Woop VIOLET. 
Viola amoena Le Conte, Ann. Lyc.N. Y.2:144. 1828. Not Symons. 1798. 
V. blanda palustriformis Gray, Bot. Gaz. 11: 255. 1886. oe 
V. blanda amoena B.S. P. Prel. Cat.N. Y.6. 1888. 
F. alsophila Greene, Pittonia, 4:7. 1899. 
Britt. & Br. Ill. Fl. 2: 450. 
Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. New York along the mountains to Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Wetrocky ledges. Winston County, Sipsey Valley, 
1,500 feet. Flowers cream color, faintly sweet-scented. May; rare. Perennial. 
Type locality: ‘‘Native of North America in humid woods, in the State of New 
York and New Jersey, and from Pennsylvania to Virginia.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
