642 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
Tiedemannia rigida Coult. & Rose, Bot. Gaz.12:74, 1887. 
Ell. Sk. 1:354. Gray, Man. ed. 6,202. Chap. FI. 165. - 
Alleghenian, Carolinian, and Louisianian areas. Michigan; New York south to 
Florida, west to Louisiana. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Low grassy banks. Lee County, Auburn (Karle). 
Mobile County, banks of pine-barren streams. Flowers white; July, August. Fre- 
quent. oe 
Type locality: ‘‘Hab. in Virginia.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Oxypolis rigidior longifolius (Pursh) Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 239. 1894. 
LONGLEAF COWBANE, 
Sium longifolium Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept.1: 194. 1816. 
Ocenanthe ambigua Nutt. Gen. 1: 189. 1818. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. New Jersey to Florida, west to Louisiana. 
ALABAMA: With the type, into which it merges by intermediate forms. Mobile. 
Less frequent. 
These plants are suspected to be poisonous, and, as stated by Pursh, are deleteri- 
ous to horned cattle. 
Type locality: ‘‘In ditches and bogs: New Jersey.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
POLYTAENIA DC. Mém. Omb. 53, t. 23. 1829. 
One species, Atlantic North America. 
Polytaenia nuttallii DC. Mém. Omb. 53, ¢. 13. 1829. NUTTALL’sS POLYTAENIA, 
Tordylium americanum Nutt.; DC. Prodr. 4:196. 1830. As synonym. 
Gray, Man. ed. 6, 203. Chap. Fl. Suppl. 623; ed. 3,182. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:142. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southern Illinois to Nebraska, south to Texas, 
Mississippi, and Tennessee. 
ALABAMA: Lower hills. Prairie region. Dry barren places. Lee County, Auburn 
(Baker § Earle, 174). Walker County (Z. A. Smith). Hale County, Gallion, bald 
prairies. Flowers gamboge-yellow; June, July. Not common. Perennial. 
Type locality: ‘‘Le territoire d’Arkansa.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
THASPIUM Nutt. Gen. 1:196. 1818. 
Three species, Atlantic North America. 
Thaspium barbinode (Michx.) Nutt. Gen.1:196. 1818. BaRrBED MEADOW PARSNIP. 
Ligusticum barbinode Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 167. 1803. 
Ell. Sk. 1:352. Gray, Man. ed. 6,204. Chap. F1. 163. 
Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Ontario; New York west to Minnesota and 
Nebraska, south to the Ohio Valley, Missouri, and Arkansas, and from New Jersey 
along the mountains to Tennessee and Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region to Central Prairies. Rich shady banks. Madison 
County, Montesano, 1,500 feet. Montgomery County, Pintlalla, about 250 feet. 
Flowers dull yellow; April, May. Infrequent. Perennial. 
Type locality: ‘“ Hab. in Carolina superiore.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Thaspium pinnatifidum (Buckl.) Gray, Man. ed. 2,155. 1856. 
Mountain MEADOW PARSNIP. 
Zizia pinnatifida Buck]. Am. Journ. Sci. 45:175. 1843. 
Gray, Man. ed. 6,204. Chap. FI. 163. 
Carolinian area. Barrens of Kentucky, along the Alleghenies to Tennessee and 
North Carolina. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Rich woodlands, shady ravines. Dekalb County. 
Lockout Mountain, near Mentone, 1,600 feet. l'lowers white 3; June. Rare. Peren- 
nial. : 
Type locality: “Banks of the French Broad River near th i ¢ 
iieat Seer Town Falls, Macon County, North Carolina.” See SURE One 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Thaspium trifoliatum aureum (Nutt.) Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 240. 1894. 
GOLDEN-FLOWERED Mr 
Thaspium aureum Nutt. Gen. 1:196, 1818. ere 
T, aureum var, trifoliatum Coult, & Rose, Bot. Gaz.12:136, 1887, 
