658 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
black, dry, insipid. Clay County, near Pulpit Rock, 2,200 feet. On these summits a 
straggling shrub, scarcely over 3 or 4 feet high, berries ripening in December (win- 
terberry). In the pine barrens of the Coast Pine helt a tree from 10 to 30 feet high 
and 3 to 10 inches in diameter. f 
Economic uses: Of some value for the fine-grained wood, 
Type locality: ‘(This grows naturally in Carolina.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Vaccinium stamineum L. Sp. Pl.1:350. 1753. 
DEERBERRY. SQUAW HUCKLEBERRY. 
Ell. Sk.1:496. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 312. Chap. F1.259. Gray, Syn. F1.N. A. 2, pt.1: 21. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Ontario; New England along the coast to 
Virginia; western Ohio to Missouri and Arkansas, south to Florida and Texas. 
ALABAMA: Over the State. In dry or damp barren soil, open woods, borders of 
thickets. Flowers white, April; fruit ripe in July and August, greenish, acerb. 
Not rare. One to 2 feet high, smoothish or pubescent. : ; 
In the pine barrens about Mobile alow form, scarcely over 6 inches high, with 
spreading branches and silky tomentose ciliate leaves, is not rare. 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in America septentrionali.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Ilerb. Mohr. 
Vaccinium melanocarpum. SOUTHERN GOOSEBERRY, 
Vaccinium stamineum melanocarpum Mobr, Bull. Torr. Club, 24 225. 1897. 
Shrub erect, 2 to 4 feet high; leaves oblong-lanceolate, 2 to 4 inches long, } to 1 
inch wide, like the branchlets smoothish or slightly }ubescent; racemes elongated, 
2 to 24 inches long, loose, 4 to 8 flowered; pedicels slender, drooping, from the axils 
of persistent ovate-oblong bracts; berries fully $ inch in diameter, shining-black, 
with a juicy pulp, palatable, of a somewhat aromatic flavor. The shrub bending 
under the load of its berries gracefully suspended on the slender racemes presents a 
pretty sight. Piate VII. 
Carolinian area. Southwestern Missouri (Ozark Hills). 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley. Mountain region. Lower hills. Woods on rocky 
or gravelly soil. Lauderdale County, barrens. Dekalb County, Lookout Mountain, 
1,000 to 1,800 feet. St. Clair County, Coosa Hills, copiously near Springville. Lee 
County, Auburn ( Baker § arle, 316). 
Although resembling larger-leaved and stouter forms of V. stamineum, this shrub, 
confined to the mountain region, appears sufficiently distinct to be regarded as a 
proper species. The erect habit of growth, the numerous branches always erect, 
the erect-spreading large leaves, the strictly racemose inflorescence, the slender ped- 
icels proceeding mostly singly from the oblong to ovate to linear bracts, and the 
large juicy fruit of a dark plum-purple color, ripening much earlier than in the 
allied species, distinguish it at once from the same. 
Specimens collected by Letterman in 1875 in southwestern Missouri, near Iron 
Mountain, and preserved in the Engelmann herbarium belong here. The collector 
was struck by the peculiar aspect of this shrub. After describing it in a letter to 
Dr. Engelmann asa plant 3 to 5 feet high, with the berries,some pyriform, some 
globose, of dark purple, and a pleasant flavur when ripe, while unripe or partially 
ripe, bitter, he adds enthusiastically: “(I would wish you could see the bushes 
freighted with their purple, and, I might add, to my taste, delicions fruit.” 
Economic uses: The berrics are eagerly consumed by man and beast. 
Type locality: ‘Mountain region” of Alabama. More specifically, St. Clair 
County, near Ashville, July, 1880. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Vaccinium melanocarpum candicans var. nov. 
To all appearance of lower stature; leaves smaller than in the type, the lower 
surface covered with a close, fine, almost milk-white tomentum. 
ALaBAaMA: Lee County, Auburn (Baker § Earle), August, 1897. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Vaccinium melanocarpum sericeum var. noy. 
Branchlets, leaves, and unripe fruit with a soft, silky, appressed pubescence; 
leaves ample; dark green. 
ALaBaMa: With the type. Rocky wooded hills near Springville, St. Clair 
County, May 28, 1892. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
