666 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
SYMPLOCACEAE, Sweetleaf Family. 
SYMPLOCOS L. Sp. Pl. ed. 2,1: 747. 1763. 
About 175 species, subtropical and tropical regions, eastern Asia, and South Amer- 
ica to Brazil. North America, 1. 
Symplocos tinctoria (L.) L’Her. Trans. Linn. Soc.1:176. 1791. 
Horse Sucak, SWEETLEAF. 
Hopea tinctoria L. Mant. 1: 105. 1767. 
Ell. Sk.2:173. Gray, Man. ed.6,335. Chap. F1.272. Gray, Syn. Fl.N.A. 2, pt. 1: 
70. Sargent, Silv.N. A. 6:15, ¢. 256. } 
Carolinian and Lonisianian areas. Delaware to Tennessee, North Carolina (3,000 
feet altitude), Georgia, Florida, west to Louisiana. 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley to the Coast plain. Low woods, swampy banks of 
streams. Morgan County, Falkville. Cullman, Monroe, Baldwin, and Mobile coun- 
ties. Flowers yellow, fragrant; March, April. Fraitripein Angust and September; 
yellowish brown. A shrub, or frequently a sinall tree 15 to 20 feet high ; leaves par- 
tially persistent, of sweet taste, much relished by horses and cattle. The fragrant 
flowers are visited by hosts of hymenopterous insects. 
Economic uses: The leaves are used for dyeing. 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in Carolina.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
OLEACEAE. Olive Family. 
FRAXINUS L. Sp. Pl. 2:1057. 1753. 
About 40 species, trees, north temperate zone, Europe, Asia. North America, 12. 
Fraxinus americana L. Sp. Pl. 2:1057. 1753. Wuitr ASH. 
Fraxinus alba Marsh. Arb.51 1785. 
F. acuminata Lam. Encycl. 2:542. 1786. 
Ell. Sk. 2:672. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 335. Chap. Fl. 369. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 2, pt. 
1:74. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 6:43, ¢. 268. 
Alleghenian, Carolinian, and Louisianian areas. Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, 
Quebec, Ontario; New England, west to northern Minnesota, Nebraska, and 
Arkansas; southern Ohio Valley to the Gulf, and from Florida to Louisiana, 
ALABAMA: Over the State. Rich woodlands, above overflow. At greatest per- 
fection in the ‘Tennessee Valley and about the upper waters of the Tombigbee and 
Alabama rivers; frequent. 
As has been observed in many localities in the Gulf States, the fruit of the south- 
ern tree is more slender and of smaller size than northward, in barren localities 
passing freely into the following form. 
Economic nses: Important timber tree. The inner bark is used in domestic 
medicine. 
Type locality: ‘‘Hab. in Carolina, Virginia.” * 
Herb. Geol. Surv. 
Fraxinus americana curtissii (Vasey) Sudworth, Nomene. Arb. Fl. U. 8.327. 1897. 
SMALL-FRUITED WIITE ASH. 
Fraxinus albicans Buckley, Proc. Acad. Phila. 1862:4. 1862. In part. 
F. curtissii Vasey, Rep. Com. Agr. 1875 :168. 1876. 
F. americana var. microcarpa (rray, Syn. FI.N. A. 2, pt.1:75. 1878. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Tennessee, 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley. Prairie region. Morgan County, Cedar Plains. 
Madison County, near Huntsville, rocky foothills with red cedar. Enfanla (Curtiss). 
As observed in northern Alabama a tree below medium size, differing strikingly 
in aspect from the typical form; the bark dark and very rough, the low spreading 
branches drooping. Fruit about half the size of that of the type, often abortive. 
Type locality: ‘‘Eufala, Ala.” Curtiss. 
Herb. Mohr. 
Fraxinus biltmoreana Beadle, Bot. Gaz. 25: 358. 1898. BILTMORE ASH. 
Younger shoots pubescent. Leaves 8 to 12 inches long, leaflets 7 to 9, ovate to 
oblong-ovate, acuminate, sometimes falcately ronnded and inequilateral at the base, 
entire or obscurely denticnlate, pubescent especially aloag the veins; petioles 
finely pubescent; samaras in open, nearly glabrous panicles, from 1} to 2 inches long, 
d+ inch wide, the wing from 2 to 3 tines the length of the elliptical, ummargined, 
many-nerved body. 
