668 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
Shrub 8 to 15 feet high, frequently arborescent. Not frequent. — 
Type locality: “ Hab. ad ripas fluviorum Carolinae et Georgiae.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Adelia ligustrina Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 224. 1803. PRIVET-LIKE ADELIA, 
Forestiera ligustrina Poir. Encyel. Suppl. 2: 664. 1811. 
Chap. F1.370. Gray, Syn. FL. N. A. 2, pt. 1: 76. : 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Tennessee, Georgia, and Florida (Chapman.) 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley. Lower hills. Madison County, foothills of Monte- 
sano, 600 to 800 feet altitude, forming a large part of the shrubby growth of the 
cedar-clad limestone ridges. Bibb County, Pratt’s Ferry. Flowers greenish white, 
frequented by hosts of honey-seeking insects. _ Shrub 6 to 8 feet high. 
Type locality: “Hab.in fruticetis Illinoensibus, Tennassée, &c.” (It does not 
occur, however, in Illinois.) 
Herb, Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
CHIONANTHUS L. Sp. P1.1:8. 1753. 
Two species, China. Atlantic North America, 1. 
Chionanthus virginica L. Sp. Pl.1:8. 1753. FRINGE TREE. OLD-MAN’S BEARD. 
Ell. Sk. 1:6. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 337. Chap. Fl. 369. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2:260. Gray, Syn. FI. N. A. 2, pt.1:77. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 6:60, t. 277. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia 
to Missouri and Arkansas, south to Florida and Texas. 
ALABAMA: Over the State. Rich wooded banks along streams. Flowers April; 
fruit ripe September, October, black; frequent. Shrub 4 to 10 feet high, frequently 
small tree 10 to 15 feet high, 4 inches in diameter. 
Economic uses: Ornamental. The bark of the root, called “flowering-ash bark,” 
is used in domestic medicine. 
Type locality : ‘‘ Hab. in America septentrionali.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. 
OSMANTHUS Lour. Fl. Cochin. ¢. 28. 1790. 
Seven species, evergreen trees, subtropical and tropical eastern Asia, Pacific 
islands. South Atlantic North America, 1. 
Osmanthus americana (L.) Benth. & Hook. Gen. Pl. 2: 677. 1876. 
DEVIL-woop. AMERICAN OLIVE. 
Olea americana L. Mant. 1:24. 1767. 
Ell. Sk.1:5. Chap. Fl. 369. Gray, Syn. F1.N. A. 2, pt.1: 78. Sargent, Silv. N. A. 
6: 65, t. 278. 
Louisianian area. Coast of North Carolina to Florida, west to Louisiana. 
ALABAMA: Lower Pine region, Coast plain. Swampy woods along streams. 
Mobile and Baldwin counties. Flowers cream color, April, fragrant; fruit ripe in 
September, shining black, frequent. Tree 20 to 40 feet high, 8 to 12 inches in 
diameter. 
Economic uses: Ornamental. 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in Carolina.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
LOGANIACEAE. Logania Family. 
GELSEMIUM Juss. Gen. 150. 1789. 
Two species, woody climbers, eastern Asia. North America, 1. 
Gelsemium sempervirens (L.) Ait. f. Hort. Kew. 2:61. 1811. YELLOW JESSAMINE. 
Bignonia sempervirens L. Sp. Pl. 2: 623. 1753. 
Gelsemium nitidum Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1: 120. 1803. 
Ell. Sk.1:311. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 345. Chap. Fl. 183. Gray, Syn. FI. N. A. 2, pt. 
1:107. Coulter, Contr. Nat, Herb. 2: 271. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Eastern Virginia to Florida, west to Texas 
and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region to Coast plain. Damp thickets. Cullman County, 
800 feet. Tuscaloosa, Autauga, Choctaw, Clarke, Mobile, and Baldwin counties. 
Flowers golden yellow, lebruary, March; fragrant. Common. Climbing high from 
long creeping roots. Most abundant throughout the Coast Pine belt. The whole 
plant poisonous. 
