MADDER FAMILY. 789 
Carolinian area. Mountains of West Virginia, southeastern Tennessee, and of 
North Carolina. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Dry gravelly or rocky woods. Clay County, 
Che-aw-ha Mountain, 2,400 feet altitude. Cullman County, 800 leet. Etowah 
County, Lookout Mountain, 1,200 feet. Flowers pale purplish; July, August. Not 
rare. Perennial. 
Type-locality: ‘Near the confluence of Pidgeon river, and the French Broad, Ten- 
nessee, on dry gravelly hills.” 
Herb. Geol. Sury. Herb. Mobr. 
Houstonia calycosa (Shuttlew.). * CaLycosz Houstonia. 
Hedyotis calycosa Shuttlew.; Gray, Pl. Wright. 1:81. 1852. 
Houstonia purpurea calycosa Gray, Syn. F1.N. A. 1, pt. 2:26. 1884, 
Gray, Man. ed. 6, 224. 
Carolinian area. Illinois, Arkansas, and West Virginia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Metamorphic hills. Dry open woods. Tallapoosa 
County, Dadeville, July, 1877. Rare and local. Perenaial. 
Type locality (Syn. Fl. N.A.): *‘Mountains of Alabama (Rugel) to Arkansas (Nut- 
tall), und Illinois (Z. Hall); also collected by Drummond.” ° 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Houstonia angustifolia Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 1:85. 1803. Erect-Lear Houstrontia. 
Hedyotis stenophylla Torr. & Gray, Fl.N. A. 2:41. 1841, 
Oldenlandia angusiifolia Gray, Pl. Wright, 2:68. 1853. 
El. Sk. 1:192. Gray, Man. ed. 6,224. Chap. F1.181. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 
2:26. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2: 159. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Southwestern Ilinois, Missouri, Arkansas, and 
Texas, east to Tennessee, North Carolina, and Florida. : 
ALABAMA: Mountain region to Coast plain. Dry rocky or gravelly ridges. Cull- 
man County, 800 feet altitude. Montgomery County. Barbour County, Eufaula 
(2. 4. Smith). Bladen County, near Magnolia. Flowers rose-pink; June. Not rare. 
Perennial from a suffrutescent multicipital rootstock. 
Type locality: ‘‘Hab. in submaritimis J loridae.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
CEPHALANTHUS L. Sp. Pl. 1:95. 1753. 
About one-half dozen species, warmer temperate North America, Asia, Africa. ? 
Cephalanthus occidentalis L. Sp. Pl. 1:95. 1753. BUTTONBUSH. 
Ell. Sk. 1:186. Gray, Man. ed. 6,224. Chap. Fl. 176. Gray, Syn. FI. N. A.1, pt. 
2:29. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2:160. Wats. Bot. Calif. 1: 282. 
CusBa, MEXICO. 
Alleghenian to Louisianian area. New Brunswick and Quebec to the Gulf, through- 
out the continent to California. 
ALABAMA: Throughout the State. Inundated banks, Shallow stagnant water. 
Flowers white; July, August. Shrub 6 to 15 feet high. 
Economic uses: The bark of the root, under name of ‘‘ buttonbush bark,” is used 
medicinally. ‘ 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in America septentrionali.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
MITCHELLA L. Sp. Pl. 1:111. 1753. PartrinGe Berry. 
Two species, perennial creeping herbs, Japan. Atlantic North America, 1. 
Mitchella repens L. Sp. Pl.1:111. 1753. 
EIL Sk. 1:198. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 225. Chap. F1.176. Gray, Syn. F1.N.A.1, pt.2:31. 
Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2: 160. 
NORTHERN MEXICO. 
Alleghenian, Carolinian, and Louisianian areas. Nova Scotia, Ontario; New 
England west to southern Illinois, south to Florida, Texas, and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Over the State. Dry shady woods and shaded banks. Flowers rose- 
pink; April to June. Fruit ripe July to October; scarlet. Common. Evergreen. 
Perennial. ; = 
Economic uses: The herb—“ partridge berry ”—is used medicinally. Ornamental. 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in Carolina, Terra Mariana, Virginia,” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
