756 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
Nabalus altissimus (L.) Hook. Fl. Bor. Am. 1:294. 1834. TaLL WuitEe LETTUCE, 
Prenanthes altissuma L. Sp. Pl. 2: 797. 1753. 
P. deltoidea EN. Sk. 2: 257. 1824. 
El. Sk.1.c. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 302. Chap. Fl. 251. Gray, Syn. FI.N.A.1, pt. 2: 434, 
Canadian to Carolinian area. Newfoundland, Ontario, and New England; Ohio 
Valley to Missouri and Arkansas, and from New York south along the mountains to 
Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region. Lower hills. Rich woodlands. Cleburne County 
(Dr. .&. A. Smith). Tuscaloosa County, August, September. 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in Virginia, Canada.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
SONCHUS L. Sp. PI. 2:793. 1753. 
Forty-five species, temperate Europe. Annual weeds diffused in North America, 4. 
Sonchus asper (L.) All. Fl. Pedem. 1: 222. 1785. PRICKLY SOW-THISTLE. 
Sonchus oleraceus var. asper L. Sp. Pl. 2: 794. 1753. 
S. carolinianus Walt. Fl. Car. 192. 1788. 
S. spinulosus Bigel. Fl. Bost. ed. 2,290. 1824. 
Ell. Sk.2:255. Gray, Man. ed. 6,305. Chap. I'l. 253. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2: 250. 
Canadian zone to Louisianinn area. Over the continent from Canada to Florida 
and British Columbia to California. 
ALABAMA: Over the State. Common weed in cultivated and waste ground. 
Flowers March to June. Annual. 
Type locality: ‘‘Hab. in Europae cultis.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Sonchus oleraceus L. Sp. Pl. 2: 794. 1753. CoMMON Sow-THISTLE. 
Ell, Sk.2:254. Gray, Man.ed.6, 305. Chap. FI. 253. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
2: 250. 
Distribution as in the last. 
ALABAMA: With the above. February to July. Annual. 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in Europae cultis.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Sonchus tenerrimus L. Sp. Pl. 2: 794. 1753. 
SOUTHERN EvuROPE. 
Adventive on ballast in South Carolina and southern California. 
ALABAMA: Mobile County, fugitive on ballast. Rare. Annual. 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in Monspelii, Florentiae.” 
Herb. Geol, Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
AMBROSIACEAE. Ragweed Family. 
IVA L. Sp. Pl. 2:988. 1753. 
About 12 species, North American. Atlantic, 5. 
Iva ciliata Willd. Sp. Pl. 3: 2386. 1804. ANNUAL MARSH ELDER. 
Iva annua Michx. F]. Bor. Ain. 2:184. 1803. Not L. 
x Gray, Map. ed. 6,272, Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2: 246. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 
Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Tllinois west to Nebraska, southern Arkansas, 
north western Louisiana, Texas, and New Mexico, 
ALABAMA: Coast plain. Mobile County. In cultivated fields. Adventive with 
bale oe from the West. Flowers in July. The form with elongated floral bracts. 
mnual, 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in America boreali.” 
Herb. Mohr. 
Iva imbricata Walt. Fl. Car. 232. 1788, SEAsIpE MarsH ELpER. 
El. Sk. 2:475. Chap. F 1.222. Gray, Syn. FI.N. A. 1, pt. 2: 246. 
Louisianian area. North Carolina to Florida and Mississippi. 
ALABAMA: Littoral region. Dainp sandy beach. Mobile County, West Fowl 
River. Flowers greenish yellow. Infrequent. A shrubby evergreen with succulent 
leaves. Perennial. Sbrubby at the base. 
Type locality: South Carolina. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
