THISTLE FAMILY. 791 
ALABAMA: Mountain region to Central Pine pelt. Dry rocky or gravelly hills. 
Dekalb County, Lookout Mountain. Clay, Cullman, Gallonn, st. Clair, and Talla- 
dega counties. Flowers white; April. Common throughout the mountains and 
lower hills. Not observed in the low country. 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in Virginia.” 
Herb. Mohr. 
GNAPHALIUM L. Sp. Pl. 2:850. 1753. 
One hundred and tweuty species, cosmopolitan, Europe, northern Asia, North 
America, 15; Atlantic, 5; endemic, 4 
Gnaphalium helleri Britton, Bull. Torr. Club. 20: 280. 1893. 
HELLER’s Liri Eve TING. 
Britt. & Br. Ill. Fl. 3:401. 1898. en 
Carolinian area. Southeastern Virginia and along the mountains to Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region, Open woods and copses. Dekalb County, Lookout 
Mountain, 1,800 feet, near Mentone. Flowers September; apparently not rare. 
Similar to G. obtusifolium, from which, however, it is at once distinguished by 
the close, densely glandular, not tomentose, pubescence. 
Type locality: ‘In fields, Southeastern Virginia (Heller) to Georgia (Boykin).” 
Gnaphalium obtusifolium L. Sp. Pl. 2:851. 1753. SWEET Lire EVERLASTING. 
Gnaphalium polycephalum Michx. F). Bor. Am. 2:127. 1803. 
Ser 2:325. Gray, Man.ed.6, 268. Chap. Fl. 243; ed.3, 239. Gray, Syn. Fl. 1, 
pt. 2: 234, 
Canadian zone, Alleghenian to Lonisianian area. Nova Scotia, Quebec, Ontario; 
New England west to Minnesota, south to the Gulf, from Florida to Texas, Ar- 
kansas, and Missouri. 
ALABAMA: Over the State. Dry borders of woods, pastures, old fields. Flowers 
white; July to October. Frequent. Annual. 
Economie uses: The herb, ‘life everlas:ing,” is used in dom.s:ti~ medicin> 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in Virginia, Pensylvania.” 
Herb, Geol. Surv. Herb, Mohr. 
Gnaphalium purpu:eum L. Sp. Pl. 2: 854. 1803. PURPLE CUDWEED. 
Ell. Sk. 2:325. Gray, Man. ed.6,269. Chap. Fl. 243. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 
2: 236. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2: 203. 
MEXICO. 
Alleghenian to Louisianian area. British Columbia; southerr New England to 
Florida, west to Texas, Arkansas, and Missouri. 
ALABAMA: Over the State. In light exposed soil, waste and cultivated places, 
An annual or biennial winter weed. 
Type locality: ‘‘Hab.in “ Carolina, Virginia, Pensylvania.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Gnaphalium spathulatum Lam. Encycl. 2: 758. 1786. 
To this species issomewhat doubtfully referred the southern form included by late 
authors in the last, but which is at once recognized as distinct by the loose and 
longer, persistently arachnoid, wool covering the stem and leaves. The stem is 
mostly simple from the perennial root; the leaves are rather thin, green above but 
slightly cinereous beneath, broadly spatulate; the lower clusters of the flowering 
heads, borne on shorter or longer peduncles, form a conspicuously leafy racemose 
inflorescence. The inner involucral scales are linear, acute, and shining. 
West INnpiESs, SOUTH AMERICA. 
Louisianian area. 
ALABAMA: Prairie region toCoast plain. Montgomery and Mobile counties; waste 
grounds, roadsides, and pastures, near dwellings. Probably introduced from the 
tropics and perfectly naturalized. Flowers white; throughout the summer. Not 
infrequent. : ; ' 
Type locality: ‘‘Nous ignorons son lieu natal; mais nous la soupgonnons dvAmé- 
rique. * * * Pent-étre vient elle du Cap de Bonne Espérance.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
POLYMNIA L.. Sp. Pl. 2:926. 1753. 
Ten to 12 species, perennial herbs, American, from Argentina to Canada. North 
America, 2. 4 
Polymnia canadensis L. Sp. Pl. 2: 926. 1753. CanapDa LEAF-CUP. 
Ell. Sk.2:471. Gray, Man. ed. 6,269. Chap. Fl. 219. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 
2: 238. 
