THISTLE FAMILY. 797 
MELANTHERA Rohr. Skriv. Nat. Selsk. Kj6b, 2: 213. 1792. 
About 8 species in warmer Africa and America. North America, 3. South Atlantic. 
Melanthera hastata (Walt.) Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2:107. 1803. 
HALBERD-LEAF MELANTHERA. 
Athanasia hastata Walt. Fl. Car. 201. 1788. : i 
Ell. Sk.2:314. Chap. Fl. 225. Gray, Syn. FL.N. A. pt. 1, 2: 257. 
WEsT INDIES, MEXICO. 
Louisianian area. Coast of South Carolina to Florida and Louisiana. 
ALABAMA: Coast plain. Damp thickets and borders of woods. Mobile County, 
muddy banks. Perennial. 
Type locality: South Carolina. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
SPILANTHES Jacq. Stirp. Am. ¢. 2/4. 1763. 
About 40 species, perennials, tropical zones both hemispheres, largely American, 
West Indies to Brazil. North America, 1. 
Spilanthes repens (Walt.) Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2:131. 1803. 
: . CREEPING §PILANTUES, 
Anthemis repens Walt. Fl. Car. 211. 1788. 
dAcmella repens Ell. Sk. 2: 406. 1824. 
Ell. Sk.l.e. Chap. Fl. 237. Gray, Syn. FIN. A.1, pt.2:258. Coulter, Contr. Nat. 
Herb. 2: 214. 
Louisianian area. South Carolin’ to Florida, Texas, and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Coast plain. Low damp places, damp thickets, and cultivated ground. 
Baldwin and Mobile counties. Flowers deep yellow; August to October. Common. 
Type locality: South Carolina. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
RUDBECKIA L. Sp. Pl. 2:906. 1753. 
About:30 species, chiefly perennials, Mexico, North America. Atlantic, 19. 
Rudbeckia triloba L. Sp. Pl. 2:907. 1753. MANY-FLOWERED CONE-FLOWER. 
Ell. Sk. 2:452. Gray, Man. ed. 6, 276. Chap. Fl. 227. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A.1, pt. 
2: 259. 
Carolinian and Louisianian areas. Pennsylvania and Ohio to Missouri and Michi- 
gan, south along the mountains to Georgia and middle Florida, west to Louisiana 
and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region to Central Prairie region. Thickets, fence rows. 
Talladega and Montgomery counties. Rays golden yellow, disk purplish black; 
August, September. Not infrequent. Biennial. 
Type locality: ‘‘ Hab. in Virginia.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Rudbeckia hirta L. Sp. Pl. 2: 907. 1753. ROUGH-STEMMED CONE-FLOWER. 
Ell. Sk. 2:457. Gray, Man. ed. 6,276. Chap. Fl.227. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 
2:260. Coulter, Contr. Nat. Herb. 2: 215. ; 
Alleghenian, Carolinian, and Lonisianian areas. Southern Ontario and north- 
western New York to the Ohio Valley and Missouri; south from New Jersey to 
Florida, west to Texas and Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley to the Coast plain. In dry light sail, open woods. 
Rays yellow, frequently orange at base, disk purplish black; June to September. 
Common; abundant throughout the pine woods. Biennial. 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in Virginia, Canada.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Rudbeckia monticola Small, Torreya, 1: —— 1901. 
Britt. & Br. 11. FI. 3:416. 1898. 2 ; 
Carolinian area. Mountains of North Carolina to Georgia, Alabama, etc. 
ALanaMA: Mountain region. Copses and woods. Dekalb County, Lookout 
Mountain, near Mentone, 1,800 to 2,000 feet altitude. Flowers golden yellow; Sep- 
tember. Rare. 
"ae locality: ‘‘Georgia: Estotoah Falls, August 11-12, 1893, Small (type).” 
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