816 PLANT LIFE OF ALABAMA. 
Alleghenian and Carolinian areas. Canada; western New York and Michigan to 
Minnesota, south to the Ohio Valley, Missouri, and Arkansas, and along the moun- 
tains to Georgia. 
ALABAMA: Mountain region to Lower hills. Rich woodlands. ‘Tallapoosa and 
Tuscaloosa counties. Flowers white; June. Four to 5 feet. Not frequent. 
Type locality: ‘Hab. in Virginia, Canada.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Mesadenia ovata (Walt.) Raf. New F1. 4:79. 1836. Ovarn-LEAr INDIAN PLANTAIN. 
Cacalia ovata Walt. Fl. Car. 196. 1788. 
Ell. Sk. 2:310. Chap. Fl. 244. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2: 395. 
Louisianian area. Georgia to western Florida and west to Louisiana. 
ALaBAMA: Central prairies. Damp thickets, open*woods. Montgomery County. 
Lee County, Auburn (Zarle). Flowers white; July to September. Rare. Local. 
Type locality: South Carolina. : 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Mesadenia tuberosa (Nutt.) Britton in Britt. & Br. Il. Fl. 3: 474. 
TUBEROUS-ROOTED INDIAN PLANTAIN. 
Cacalia tuberosa Nutt. Gen. 2:138. 1818. 
Mesadenia plantaginea Rat. New Fl. 4:79. 1836. 
Gray, Man. ed. 6, 294. Chap. Fl. 244. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2:396. Coulter, 
Contr. Nat. Herb. 2: 242. 
Alleghenian to Louisianian area. Ontario and Ohio to Missouri, Michigan, and 
Minnesota, south along the mountains to Georgia and Florida, west to Texas and 
Arkansas. 
ALABAMA: Central Prairie belt. Low banks and fields. Hale County, Gallion. 
Dallas County, Uniontown (Z. 4. Smith). Flowers white; July, August. Not 
frequent. 
Type locality: ‘‘On shady hills near Natchez on the banks of the Mississippi, and 
also around St. Louis.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. Herb. Mohr. 
Mesadenia lanceolata (Nutt.) Raf. New Fl. 4:79. 1836. 
LANCE-LEAF INDIAN PLANTAIN, 
Cacalia lanceolata Nutt. Gen. 2:138. 1818. 
Ell. Sk. 2:311. Chap. Fl. 245. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2: 396. 
Louisianian area. Georgia and Florida to Louisiana. 
ALABAMA: Coast plain. Swampy banks along pine-barren streams, grassy river 
marshes. Mobile and Baldwin counties. Flowers white; August, September. 
Three to 6 feet high. Frequent; abundant in the submaritime marshes, fresh or 
slightly brackish. 
Type locality: ‘In Georgia and Florida.—Dr. Baldwyn.” 
Herb. Geol. Surv. 
ARCTIUM L. Sp. Pl. 2:816. 1753. 
Six species, perennial herbs, temperate Europe, Asia. 
Arctium minus Schk. Bot. Handb. 3:49. 1803. SMALLER BURDOCK. 
Lappa minor DC. Fl. Fr. 4:77. 1805. 
EUROPE. 
Naturalized, Canada and eastern United States. 
ALABAMA: Tennessee Valley. Waste places. Marshall County, Gunthersville. 
Decatur. July, August. 
Type locality not ascertained. 
Herb. Geol. Surv. 
CARDUUS L. Sp. Pl. 2:820. 1753. THISTLE. 
About 250 species, perennials, temperate regions. Europe, Asia. North America, 
37; Atlantic, 12. 
Carduus spinosissimus Walt. Fl. Car.194. 1788. YELLOW THISTLE, 
Cirsium horridulum Michx. FL. Bor. Am. 2:90. 1803. 
Cnicus horridulus Pursh, Fl. Am. Sept. 2:507. 1814. 
Gray, Man. ed. 6,295. Chap. Fl. 248. Gray, Syn. Fl. N. A. 1, pt. 2: 400. Coulter, 
Contr. Nat. Herb. 2 : 243. 
'Vide Edward L. Green, Pittonia, vol. 3, p. 180. 1897. 
