MANUAt OI> NAfDRB StUDY. 71 



"IX. There is no alcohol in vinegar. We may 

 safely flavor our food with it. Lemons and limes 

 furnish more healthful acids than vinegar. 



"XI. Fermentation entirely changes the char- 

 acter of anything it works upon. The germs that 

 cause stewed fruits and preserves to ferment are 

 not the alcoholic ferments, but they spoil the 

 stewed fruit or preserves, and make them unfit for 

 us to eat. 



"XII. The habit of chewing tobacco is not only 

 disgusting, but very injurious, as the poison of the 

 tobacco, the nicotine, is dissolved by the saliva and 

 absorbed by the system. 



"XIII. The use of cigarettes by young boys 

 weakens the muscles and hinders growth, besides 

 causing other serious injuries. The healthy body 

 does not require tobacco in any form and it should 

 never be used." 



5. Bad effects of tobacco. — To introduce this 

 subject call for the different forms in which tobac- 

 co is manufactured, viz.: — cigars, plug, fine-cut, 

 smoking-tobacco, cigarettes, long twist, etc. Make 

 a lesson or two of each form, showing pupils as far 

 as possible the manner of manufacture. Take a 

 cigar in hand, cut it with a sharp knife down one 

 entire side, thus laying open the filler which in 

 most cases, especially in cheap cigars, is made of 

 scraps, and in many cases, of the filthy sweepings 



