52 STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



Navel Type. 



Washington Navel. — This variety is the most widely known 

 and is properly styled the " king of oranges." The fruit has 

 proved of such exceptional quality and is in such general favor 

 that its production overtops all other varieties. 



The name "Washington Navel" was applied to this variety 

 in California, to distinguish it from the "Australian Navel," a 

 shy bearer with a similar peculiar mark, and because it was 

 received from Washington, having been imported from Brazil 

 by the Department of Agriculture. It was for a time called 

 "Bahia" (place of origin), also "Riverside Navel," denoting 

 the locality where the first trees were planted, and which are 

 the parents of all trees of this variety in the State. 



The first orange shipments consist of the Washington Navel, 



which constitute over one half 

 of the output, but it is shipped 

 later in the season, extending 

 into June and July. 



Fruit large, highly colored, 

 solid and heavy, skin smooth 

 and of a very fine texture, very 

 juicy, highly flavored, with 



First picture oi the Navel orange on melting pulp, SeedlcsS (except 



^''"'^ ■ occasionally — evidently the re- 



sult of pollen influence). Tree semi-dwarf, good and prolific 

 bearer, medium thorny, a rapid grower and early bearer. Foli- 

 age deep green, heavy and compact, leaves large and promi- 

 nently winged. Branches deeis green and smooth, inclined to 

 roundish. Stock sturdy, with well-balanced limbs. The 

 blossoms are double (having a secondary blossom within), 

 and rarely have any pollen. Ripens early. 



Most of the early publications of Brazil mention the Lavanja 

 de ombigo — Navel orange. The first illustration of the Navel 

 orange appears in a volume, "Table XVI — Historise Naturalis 

 de Arboribus et Fructibus, Libri Decem. Johannis Jonstoni, 

 Medicinaj Doctoris. Francofurti o m, MDCLXII" ("The Natu- 

 ral History of Trees and Fruits, Ten Books. By John John- 

 son, Doctor of Medicine. Frankfort on Main, 1662"), referred 

 to as Aurantmm fcftifenim. The accompanying illustration, 

 photographed from the original plate in the library of Prof. 

 Edw. L. Greene, of the Catholic University of America, at 

 Washington, D. C, was secured through the kindness of W'm. 

 A. Taylor, Assistant U. S. Pomologist, to whom the writer is 



