266 STATE BOARD OF HORTICULTURE. 



Kahles'* Distillate Solution. 



(For Black Scale on citrus trees; ajiply in the fall.) 



Distillate, 28° (untreated) 5 gallons. 



Hot water 5 gallons. 



Whale-oil soap 1}4 pounds. 



The whale-oil soap must first be dissolved in the water. 

 Then add the dissolved soap to the distillate. It is important 

 that the distillate be placed in the mixing vessel first; then 

 place the dissolved soap on top. Attach your spraying pump 

 to the bottom of the vessel in which you are mixing the com- 

 jjound, and keep pumping it out of the vessel through the 

 spraying pump back into the vessel, until the whole becomes 

 of a rich creamy substance. Keep pumping or churning it 

 through the pump until it becomes a complete emulsion, with- 

 out a speck of free oil in sight, which will take from ten to 

 fifteen minutes. When properly emulsified, it should increase 

 in volume about one third, because it becomes aerified. 



If the ground is in good condition, containing proper moisture, 

 and the trees are healthy and growing, you can apply the spray 

 in the proportion of eleven parts of water to one of the emulsion. 

 If the trees are dormant do not use it so strong; say about 

 twelve or fourteen gallons of water to one gallon of the stock 

 compound. Always put jout emulsion in the apparatus first, 

 then add the water. The stock compound and the cold water 

 will mix as readily as milk and water, and when finished 

 should resemble milk in all appearances. 



When spraying be careful to observe any particles of oil 

 which may not have been thoroughly emulsified, and which 

 rise to the surface. In this event, only use the correct emulsion, 

 and when near the bottom empty the oil oft. 



About 200 gallons of the stock mixture can be made for $6.25. 

 The distillate costs 5 cents a gallon, and the soap about 5 cents 

 per pound. Two hundred gallons of stock mixture at eleven 

 to one give 2,200 gallons of spraying mixture. 



This solution is made the same as the kerosene emulsion, 

 onl}' this distillate contains all the natural oils and strength 

 of the crude oil, nothing being taken therefrom except the 

 asphaltum. Therefore, it is a great deal stronger and stays 

 longer on the trees without evaporating. Eleven to one is the 

 strongest it can be used with safety on citrus trees. 



*F. Kahles, iSujierintendent of Crocker-Sperry Lemon Grove, Montecito. 



