ACADEMIC BOTANY. 



ment into special organs like those of the parent. It coii' 

 tains, however, all the materials for the immediate struc- 

 ture of those organs, though it remains until germination 

 (the period when it begins to sprout) a simple cell with 

 minute granules (grains) in its cavity. 



B. The male flower throughout the Cryptogamia is called 

 Antheridium, or little anther (Gr. antheros, blooming). It 

 produces minute particles (Fig. 2) called Antherozoids, or 

 animal-like anthers (Gr. zoon, animal). These have an 

 active self-motion. 



15. Parentage. A. Fertilization. — As soon as the con- 

 tents of the oogonium and antheridium are mature each 

 organ opens at the apex (Fig. 1, A, B) ; the spore in the 



oogonium remains 

 still ; the anthero- 

 zoids pass out from 

 the antheridium, 

 swim or creep to 

 the open oogo- 

 nium (Fig. 1, B), 

 enter it, and blend 

 with its spore. 

 After this process 

 — which is called 

 Fertilization — the 

 antheridium dies, 

 its work being ac- 

 complished ; the 

 oogonium closes 

 (Fig. 1, C); her 

 spore develops into an Oospore (egg-spore) ; and thus Fbi- 

 bryogeny, or embryo-creation, is accomplished. At maturity 

 this egg-spore passes out from the oogonium, which bursts 

 to discharge it. It is now capable of sprouting and grow- 

 ing up into a plant, which it soon begins to do (Fig. 1, F). 

 But even when fully grown and ready to sprout it is still a 

 simple cell. B. Parthenogenesis. Often in Vaucheria and 

 other seaweeds reproduction takes place in a mother-cell 

 without foreign aid from antherozoids. This is Virgin 

 parentage (Gr. pairthenos, virgin, genesis, creation). In 



Fio. 2. — A, antherozoids of Seaweed — Facu% phitticarpus ; 

 some free, others still in the antheridial ce^ls. B, anthe- 

 ridium of moss — Pohjtrichuni commune — discharging anthe- 

 rozoids. C, antberozoid of fern — PterU serrulata; ff, large 

 extremity ; b, small extremity ; rf, cilise, or hairs. Greatly 

 magnified. 



