ACADEMIC BOTANY. 



is the Micropyle (Gr. mikron, small, pyle, gate), 

 see Glossary and Indices. 



Fig. 4. — 1, floral organs — Btamens and pistils — iif Vine 

 {Tiiiivinifera), corollaand calyx removed, showing the fleshy 

 disk of the torus below the ovary, y, pollen-grain of Milk- 

 wort {Poll/gala vulgaris) ; e, grooves or slits in the extino, - - ■,» 

 through which the intiue / protrudes as a pollen-tube. 3, SperftlCl, 866(1 j. 



For accents of terms, 



17. Naked Seeds 

 and Covered Seeds. 

 — In the lower 

 Ph an ero gamia — 

 Pines, etc. — the 

 ovule has no cover 

 except its own coat 

 or coats. The 

 plants in this low- 

 er division are 

 called, therefore, 

 Gymnospermce, or 

 naked seeds (Gr. 

 gymnos, naked, 

 . " In 



pollen-grainof Cherry(Oei'a«iMwwfffarw),di8chargingfovilla. j."!,^ V,i™liar» T^liano 



4, pollen-grain of Evening Primrose ((£^ofA«ra biennis), tube 1J"6 nigner Jrnane- 



protruding. 5, pollen-grailiof Mallow (Jlf. iiteea). G.pollen- rrkrramifi rT-r(lQ«p« 



grains of Pine (^Pinns excelm), with two bladder-like swell- ' "g'""'o v-Tioooco, 



ingsoftheextine, which assist it on being borne by the wind. PalmS Oaks CtC 



— the ovule is contained in an Ovary, or egg-holder (Fig. 3, 

 A, o). The plants in these higher divisions are therefore 

 called Angiospe)"mce, or Covered Seeds (Gr. aggd-on, a vessel). 

 The upper part of this ovary is usually prolonged into a 

 stalk called a 8tyle (Fig. 3, A) ; the apex of the style is with- 

 out the epidermis, or skin, which covers the rest of the plant ; 

 it is therefore called a Stigma (Gr. brand), because it is like 

 flesh seared by a hot iron. These,-=-ovary, style, and stigma, 

 — taken together, form the Pistil; but they are merely pro- 

 tective; the ovule is the only essential part. When the 

 style is wanting, as in the Vine (Fig. 4, i), the stigma is 

 termed Sessile, that is, seated (on the ovary). 



Sometimes the ovule is rai.sed on a stalk called a Funiculus (L. little 

 cord), as in the Pea (Fig. 5, f^; when this is wanting the ovule is ses- 

 sile. The part of the ovary (or of the scale in Naked Seeds) to which 

 the ovule is attached is the Placenta (L. cake). The point by which 

 the ovule is attached to the funiculus (or to the placenta when the 

 funiculus is wanting) is the Hilum, or Eye. The Black-Eyed Pea gets 

 its name from its conspicuous hilum. 



18. The Embryo-Sae and Vesicle. — The Ovule (nucleus) 

 contains the Emhryo-sao (Fig. 3, a, s) ; this sac contains 



