ESTIVATION. 97 



dusted with fine powder ; Eucalyptus ; Punctate, sprinkled with 

 clear dots or glands ; Orange, Myrtle ; Ramentaceous, with chip-like 

 scales; Polypodium; Scabrous, with small, hard projections; Pig; 

 Sericeous, with silky hairs ; Mouse-ear ; Setaceous, hristly ; Dog's 

 Bent ; Setous, with stiflF hristles ; Borage ; Shining, lustrous ; Mag- 

 nolia glauea ; Spinous, with strong spines ; Horse-Nettle ; Smooth, 

 with even surface ; Chestnut ; Strigous, with stiff hairs ; Verhena 

 sirigosa ; Tomeniose, felt-like ; Mullein, Edelweiss ; Veluti9wus, vel- 

 vety ; Velvet-leaf Mallow ; Vernicose, varnished ; Copal Sumach ; 

 Viilose, with shaggy, soft hairs ; Italian Honeysuckle ; Viscous, viscid, 

 secreting a tenacious, ropy substance; Catchfly. 



LESSON XIX. 



ESTIVATION— IlSrrLOEESCENCE. 



204-207. Estivation. 208, 209. Inflorescence. 210. Indefinite 

 Inflorescence: 211. Catkin, Anient ; 212. Cone; 21.3. Galbule; 214. 

 Spadix; 215. Spike; 216. Ear; 217. Eaceme ; 218. Panicle; 219. 

 Thyrsus; 220. Corymb; 221. Umbel. 



204. iEstivation (L. cestivus, belonging to summer) is 

 the arrangement of flowers in the bud, — sometimes called 

 Prsefloration. 



The flower-bud, like the leaf-bud, represents a stem ; the torus is 

 the stem ; the bracts, sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils are leaves 

 variously transformed. Each lobe (division, fold) of a monosepalous 

 calyx and monopctalous corolla also represents a leaf. Usually the 

 nodes are so close together that the stem-like character of the torus is 

 lost ; but in the Magnolias (Fig. 133) it is superbly illustrated. 



205. It is not uncommon to see a proliferous rose, — developing a 

 stem from the centre of its torus ; often, too, flower-buds in the axils 

 of its petals Stamens transformed to petals make double flowers, — 

 Eoses, Hollyhocks, etc. ; the Green Eose has all its parts changed to 

 sepals ; in the Alpine Strawberry each part, even including the ovule, 

 reverts to the leaf form. 



206. In the flower-bud we have bracts, sepals, petals, stamens, pis- 

 tils, ovules, each representing a certain sort of leaf in the same bud ; 

 and each set of these must be considered not only in respect to itself 

 and the torus, but also to the other sets. Therefore, though the terms 



s. g 9 



