118 



ACADEMIC BOTANY. 



the andrcecium monadelphous and syngenesious. The monadelphous 

 filaments of the Milkweed (Fig. 172, A), which make a tube sur- 

 rounding the pistil, are called a Ghynostegium (Gr; woman's cover). 



256. Position in regard to Gynce- 

 cium. — The stamens are Epigynous 

 (above the woman) when they are 

 on a disk adnate to the top of the 

 ovary, as in the Carrot ; Hypogy- 

 nous (below the woman) when 

 inserted below the ovary, as in the 

 Geranium, Magnolia, Lotus-Lily, 

 and Buttercup ; Pei-igynous (around 

 the woman) when borne on the 

 rim of the calj'X, as in the Cherry. 



257. These three modes of inser- 

 tion were found by De Jussieu to 

 be so constant that he gave them 

 the third place in his relative 

 values (31). They give rise to the 

 Divisions Ovary Free, Ovary Ad- 

 herent, and to the poly- 

 petalous Subdivisions 

 Ca^/ciflorce, Discifloroe, 

 ThalamiflorcB. 



258. Gynandrous 

 flowers 



(Gr. gyn, woman, andr, man) have the 

 anthers adnate to the style, as in the 

 Orchis (Fig. 152) and the Aristolochia ; or 

 to the stigma, as in the Milkweed 

 (Fig. 172)." , 



259. Dynamic Stamens. — In the 

 Labiate flowers (Fig. 160, a) there 



Fig. 167. — A, Sweet Pea {Lalhyrtu odo~ 

 ratus). B, Floret of CatanaTwhe cerulea. 



Fig. 168.— Stamens. A, OleaDder (A^cnum). B, Pnraiilhera ericifolia. 0, 

 Cucumber (Oucumis). D, Sage (Sijuja (iJicitiaiM). E, Hiimiriiim halsam^emm). 

 F, Whortleberry ( Vacctnium uliyinomm). G, UepaLica. 



are four stamens, two of which are longer (stronger) than the other 

 two ; they are called Didynamous (Gr. dynamis, strength), or twice- 

 strong. In the Cross-li'lowers (Fig. 162, e) there are six stamens, four 

 longer than the remaining two ; they are Tetradynamous. 



