THE SEED. 



JLuO 



47) it is elongated. In the Pondweed (Fig. 190, A) it is large, club- 

 shaped, and called a Mncropod (Gr. big foot). In the South American 

 Butternut (Fig. 190, B) the large caulicle and radicle form almost the 



Fig. 191. — A, emb. of Woad {Isatia tincloria). B, emb. of Wall-flower 

 (Cheiranllius Cheiri). 0, emb. of Cabbage {Brassica saliua). D, emb. of 

 Bmtias orientalis, E, emb. of Termittalia Catappa, 



entire embryo. In the Dodder (Fig. 190, C) the cotyledons are 

 entirely suppressed and the embryo consists of a cord-like caulicle and 

 radicle, coiled in scant perisperm. It is uncoiled and removed from 

 the perisperm in the figure; the plumule is at its smaller extremity. 

 The Dodder is a leafless parasite (Fig. 93), and is well prefigured in its 

 embryo. The Snake-nut gets its botanical name Ophiocaryon (6r. 

 ophis, snake) from its large, spirally-twisted caulicle. 



310. The Cotyledons, being leaves, are subject to leaf-law : they 

 take as varied forms and 

 habits and are described 

 in the same terms. In 

 the Mustard Family we 

 find all the types of Ver- 

 nation : the Cotyledons 

 are open (Fig. 191, A, 

 B), folded (C), and 

 rolled (D). In the 

 Calycanthus (Fig. 175, 

 E) and the Terminalia 

 (Fig. 191, E) they are 

 convolute ; in the Cab- 

 bage (0) conduplicate ; 

 in the Bunias (D) cir- 

 cinate. 



311. In CrucifercB the 

 cotyledons invariably 

 have one or another of 

 the following positions, 

 the ovule being always 



yy V " j',(j_ 192. — Horse-Chestnut (JEsculua Bippocastanwn) ; 



anatropous : l. X n e y fr. sprouting ; separate stamens, 

 are accumbent when 

 they bend at base so as to touch the caulicle (radicle of old botanists) 



