144 



ACADEMIC BOTANT. 



which becomes 1-celled and 1-seeded at maturity. In the Maple 

 (Fig. 205) each fruit has two samarse united at 

 base. In the Ash there is but one to each flower ; 

 its long wing gives it the name languette (little 

 tongue, T"r.). In the Ailanthus and the Elm the 

 samara is winged all around. 



349. The Utricle, an akaine with an inflated 

 pericarp, as in the Pigweed. 



350. The Brazil-nut (Fig. 201) is usually classed 

 as a nut; but it is many-seeded and has a large 

 pore at top. 



Fio. 207.— Trans, sec. 



Grc^tari^)!^ '**" ^^^- I'rupes. — The drupe (Gr. druppa, 

 an over-ripe olive) is a fruit with an outer 



pericarp (called Epioarp, or Exooarp) and an inner peri- 

 carp, or stone (called Endocarp, or 

 Putamen). It may be monocar- 

 pous (Peach) or syncarpous (Olive) ; 

 free, as in these, or with adherent 

 calyx, as in the 

 Walnut. It 

 usually becomes 

 1-celled and 1- 

 seeded at ma- 

 turity. When 

 the epicarp is ^^^ 2„9._c,,ved oaia 



Fig. 208.— Vert. sec. of Pome- flcshy, aS m the bashes (fruit of OrescaUia 

 grs.Da.t6 {Punica granalmn). T^pao\\ ^l^'ip' ^^^'^' 



206), it is called Sarcocarp (Gr. sarx, flesh). The Cocoa- 

 nut is a drupe with a 

 fibrous epicarp. 



352. Berries. — The 

 Berry is an indehis- 

 cent fleshy fruit (rarely 

 dehiscent, rarely dry) 

 from an ovary usually 

 with parietal placenta- 

 tion, and containing 

 one or many ligneous 

 or bony seeds; as in 

 the Gooseberry (Fig. 



Fia. 210.— Quince {Oydmia vulgaris) ; fr. whole 207), which is from an 



and in vert. sec. adherent ovary, and 



