10 THALLOGENS. 



England. Fig. 16, 3. 2. Sargissum baceiferum, Gulpweed, Sea- 

 Lentils. Shrub-like; fronds lanceolate, serrate, imitating axiferous 

 growth J coneeptaeles axillary ; small grape-like ■vesicles near the 

 frond-axils. Floating. See Lesson VI. Fossil in Tertiary. 3. Fii- 

 cus. Fronds forked, with or without vesicles; many species, com- 

 mon. F. vesiculbsus, Fig. 17. F. platycdrpus, antherozoids, Fig. 2, 

 A. 4. Fucoides, fossil, Silurian. 



Tribe 5. Rhodospermae. Eed Seaweeds, E0SE7TANQLES. — Fer- 

 tilization ; fls. fP or 9 (j^. Fronds various in form ; rarely green. 

 Marine, rarely in fresh water. Many genera and species. 1. Coral- 

 Una, calcareous, coral-like ; several living species ; fossil in Silurian. 



2. Rytiphloea thuyoides. Yew-like, V high; British coasts. Fig. 

 16, 4. 3. Claudea elegans. Beautiful. Frond forming a series of 

 nets ; each net 1' wide, 10' long, elegantly recurved. Australian 

 seas. 4. Rhodymenia palmdta, Dulse. Frond flat, forked ; edible. 

 Common. 5. Chondrus crispus, Cabbagben Moss, Ieish Moss; 

 frond forked, fan-shaped ; edible ; common. Chondrites, fossil, Mi- 

 ocene. 6. Callithamnion, small, growing on various objects. Ma- 

 rine ; frond of simple or branched tubes, red, handsome. Several spe- 

 cies. Common. 7. Ceramium, frond of simple or branched tubes. 

 Several species. C. rUbrum, red ; common. 



Ord. 2. Fungi, Moulds, Mildews, Mushrooms. — Described, 

 Lesson VI. Internal cell-division. Fertilization. 6 Tribes ; 



Tribe 1. Arthrosporese (Hyphomyofetes). — Spores joined end to 

 end. 1. Penicillium glaucum, Common Mould. 2. Torula (Sac- 

 charomyces) cerevisice, Yeast Plant, Fig. 18. 



Tribe 8. Trichospbreae (Hyphomycetes). — Spores clustered on 

 hyphse. 1. Peronospora infestans, Potato-rot, Fig. 19. 



Tribe 3. Cystosporeae ( Physomyoetes) — Spores in a bladder-like 

 sporangium. 1. Mdcor Mucedo, FRiriT-MotiLD, Fig. 20. 



Tribe 4. Clinosp6reae (Coniomycetes) — Spores (dust-like) on a 

 clinodium (couch). 1. Ustilago; 2. Puccinia; the Bunt and Smut 

 of grains and grasses ; several species of each. 



Tribe 5. Thecasporeae (Ascomycetes). — Spores few (2 to 8), in 

 theciE or a&ci. 2 Sections : 



Section 1. Thecse lining a closed joerii/i^aMm. 1. Tuber, Tiiuffle; 

 many species ; hypogeal ; edible. Two or three American species. 

 T. m,elan6sporum, Fig. 21 ; Eur. 2. Sphagria morbbsa, Black- 

 Knot on cherry-trees. Fossil species in Eocene and Miocene. 



3. Cordiceps Robertsii, grows from the head of a caterpillar, form- 

 ing a horn ; New Zealand. C. militdrisi similar ; scarlet ; Gr. Brit. 

 C. purpurea, Ebqot ; on rye. 



Section 2. Thecae lining the upper surface of an open perith^cium, 

 which is sometimes deeply pitted. 1. Cyttaria, Wasp's-Nest ; white ; 

 perith^cium convex, pitted. C. Ounnii, C. Hookeri, on beech-trees; 

 edible. Terra del Fuego. 2. Peziza, Bird's-Nest ; perithecium 

 cup-shaped. On ground in beech and pine woods ; edible. Many 

 handsome species. Several fossil species. Tertiary. 3. Morch6ila, 

 Morel ; stipitate ; perithecium convex, pileate, with regular, shallow 

 pits. On ground in woods ; many edible species. Common. 4. Hel- 

 vella ; stipitate ; perithecium pileate, convex, smooth. Many species 

 edible ; habitat of Peziza. 



Tribe 6. Basidiospdreae. — 2 Sections : 



