12 ACROGENS. 



7. Parmelia parietlna, on walls ; Fig. 25. 8. Cetr&ria isldndica, 

 Iceland Moss, edible ; Pig. 24. 9. Osnea, Tree-hair ; long gray 

 tufts on trees, stones ; many species. U. barbdta, common. U. Me- 

 laxdntha, very long, handsome; S. Am. 



Tribe 2. CoUemacese. — Gelatinous ; gonidia moniliform, resem- 

 bling Nostoc. 1. Myr&ngium. Pew species, cosmop. On bark of 

 living trees, especially ash. 2. CoUfema, similar, several species. 

 3. Lichina, tufted, branched ; on stones washed by the sea. Europe. 



Class II. ACROGENS. 

 Moss Alliance : 1. Hep&ticae ; 2. Musci ; 3, Char&cese. 



Ord. 1. Hep&ticse. Liverworts. — Pertilization ; fls. ^ or ^ ^. 

 Described, Lesson VII. 4 Tribes, all thalloid except 4th; gen., 

 representing Tribes : 1. Riccia, no columella nor elaters. R. glailca, 

 terrestr. ; R. ndtans, aquatic. 2. Anthdceros ; columella, elaters ; 

 capsule opening vertically. A. laivis, common ; moist places. 3. Mar- 

 chantia ; elaters, no columella ; fls. on erect branches. Several species, 

 terrestr. ; fossil in Tertiary (Eocene, Eur.). M. polymorpha, Eigs. 27, 

 28, 29. 4. Jungerminnia ; thalloid fronds, or leafy moss-like stems. 

 Elaters, no columella. On rocks, trees. Many other species. Fossil 

 in Tertiary (Miocene). 



Ord. 2. Musci. Mosses.— Fertilization ; fls. ^p or 9 (?• ^''" 

 scribed, Lesson VII. 4 Tribes ; rep. gen. : 



Tribe 1. Andra^a. — Lvs. golden-brown ; caps. 4-valved. Several 

 species. On rocks. 



Tribe 2. Phiiscum. — Nearly stemless ; caps, indehisc. Several 

 species. Walls. 



Tribe 3. Sphagnum. — Moss-like, but lvs. and stems colorless, 

 transparent ; caps, operculate ; no peristome. Sev. spec. Bogs, swamps. 



Tribe 4. Bryaceae. True (higher) Mosses. — Tufted, usually 

 bright green; caps, operculate, dehisc, with peristome. Many gen- 

 era and species. Moist ground, rocks, trees. Several fossils in Ter- 

 tiary. 1. Hypnum dendrmdes, Pig. 30. 2. Polytrichum, veil hairy. 

 P. commime, antherozoids, Pig. 2, B. 3. Bryum. Caps, pendulous. 

 Many fine species ; walls, walks, mai-shes. B. argenteum, lvs. silvery- 

 white. 4. Spl^chnum. Apophysis often large. S. rubrum, apoph- 

 ysis red, shaped like an umbrella ; Europe. S. luteum, apophysis 

 similar, but yellow ; Europe and America ; on dung. 



Ord. 3. Characeae. Polishing Ettshes. — Fertilization; fls. ^. 

 Described, Lesson VII. 5 genera ; many species : 



1. Tolypella nidifica, America ; sev. foreign spec. 2. Nitella flex- 

 ilis, gracilis, capilldta; three of 15 Am. species. 3. Chara vulgaris, 

 Pig. '31 ; C.frdgilis, Pig. 32. Common. 37 fossil species, in Jurassic 

 and Tertiary of Europe ; none in America. 



Fern Alliance : 4. Filices ; 5, Equisetaces ; 6. Marsileacese ; 7. 

 Lycopodiacese. 



Ord. 4. Filices. Ferns. — Many fossil gen. and spec. ; see Lesson 

 XIII. Parthenogenesis. Fertilization. Described, Lesson VII.. 

 9 Tribes : 



Tribe 1. Maratti^ceae. — Sporangia ringless ; opening by a slit or 

 pore ; 4 gen. ; 25 spec. 1. Danaea. Kliiz. large, woody ; fronds 

 pinnate (rarely simple), fleshy ; fertile frond more or less coiltracted. 



