ANGIOSPERMJE. 23 



Ord. 3. Gnetaces. — Joint-Firs. Ms. ^ 9 ^"^ cf ■ Described, 

 Lesson IX. 3 genera. 1. Gn6tum, Joint-Fir. Stems jointed, 

 Ivs. smooth, entire, exstipulate. Trees and creeping shrubs. 6 species, 

 native to tropical Asia, and Guiana. Sds. edible. 2. Ephedra, Sba- 

 Grapk, described. 25 species, temperate sandy regions, both hemi- 

 spheres. E. distaehya, 2°-4° high. Fr. a succulent cone, edible. 

 Mediterranean coast of France and Spain ; plains of S. Russia. Fig. 



48. E. altissima, climbing shrub, 15°-20° high. Barbary. E. anti- 

 s-yphilUica, 2° high ; W. Texas, to Cal. and Nevada. E. trifurcdta, 

 vmdershrub. New Mex., Arizona. Fossils in Tertiary, Eur. 3. Wel- 

 witschia mirdbilis, only known genus and species. Described. Figs. 



49, 50. Sandy Mossamedes country, "W. Af. 



Class II. ANGIOSPERM/E. 



Sub-Class I. — Endogens (Monocotyledons), 2 Divisions. 



Division 1, — Ovary free. 2 Subdivisions. 1. Ovary simple or 

 syncarpous (rarely apocarpous). 2. Ovary apocarpous. 



Subdivision 1. — Ovary simple or syncarpous. 



Grass Alliance, Glumiferse. — Embryo outside (extruded from) the 

 perisperm, or sometimes barely included. Ova. 1-celled, 1-ovuled. 

 Sta. 3-2-1 , rarely 6-4. Perianth 0. 1. Graminaceae. 2. Cyperaceae. 

 (Most of the foreign species named are naturalized in the U. S.) 



Ord. 1. Graminaceae, Ge'assks. — Described, Lesson X. The most 

 useful of all the Orders. 300 gen. ; 4000 species ; 13 Tribes : 



Tribe 1. Triticeae. — Infl. spicate. 1. Secale ceredle, Eye ; native 

 of Crimea. 0. 2. Triticum repens, Couch-Grass, a pest of fields. 

 %. T. TO^^'drc, Wheat. Q- Sd. sprouting. Fig. 6, C ; fl.. Fig. 52, B ; 

 starch gr.. Fig. 289, B. Originating through 3. Aegilops tritieoides, 

 from A. ovata, both wild in S. Eur. and Asia. See Lesson XXXIV. 



4. Hordeum, glumes bristle-lilie. H. vulgdre, H. distichum, Bar- 

 ley; H. /iMsiMttm, Wild B. Several other wild species. Eur., Asia. 



5. Lolium, Eay- or Eye-Grass, several valuable species. L. temu- 

 /ereiztm. Darnel, a pest in fields. 0. Eur. 6. felymus, Lyme-Grass, 

 49 species, of wide range ; temperate to arctic zone. 



Tribe 8. Festiiceae. — Infl. in branched or spicate panicles, rarely 

 in racemes or spikes. 1. Bambiisa, Bamboo. Sta. 6, rarely 3. .33 

 species ; warm countries, both hemispheres. B. arundindcea, tree 

 60° high; joints produce Tabasheer (Lesson XXXII. ). S. China, 

 Ind. B. gudda, tree 60°-100° high ; internodes filled with pure cool 

 water. Mts. of Quindu, S. Am. 2. Arundinaria, Tree Cane. Sta. 

 3. Q|.. Warm climates, many species. A. mncrosperma, 10°-15° high, 

 river-banks, Va., Ky., southward. 3. Uniola, Spike-Grass, Sea-Oat. 

 Many ornamental species, N. and S. Am. 4. Festiica, Fescue. 200 

 species, cosmopolitan-; many valuable for pasturage. 6. Bromus, 

 Bromb, Chess, or Cheat. 141 species, extensive range. B. mollis, 

 Soft Brome, Downy Chess, Ivs. downy ; good pasture-grass. Eur. 



6. Dactylis, Orchard-Grass. 29 species, widely distributed. D.glom- 

 erata, CocK's-PooT Grass, panicles 3-branched, imitating a bird's 

 f6ot, Eur. PoUen-gr., Fig. 52, C. 7. P6a, Mbadow-Grass. 192 

 species, cosmopolitan, many valuable. P. pratensis, Blue-Grass, 

 Penn., Ky., Northwest. QJ.. 8. Melica, Mblick. Many species, tem- 

 perate regions. 9. Briza, Quakinq-Gbass; spikelets large, cordate, 



