ENDOGENS. 25 



Ind., Japan. 2. Zfea. jf. 6 species, S. Am. Z. Mays, Maizb, 

 Indian Corn. Culm 5''-12° Mgh. ^ infl. the tassel; $ infl. the 

 ear, of which each grain is a fl. consisting of the ovary only (its pistil 

 the silk), with minute scales at its base ; the shucks are the involucre. 

 3. Ph^laris, Eibbon-Grass, Gardener's Garters, Canary-Grass. 

 Lvs. often variegated ; culms tall, leafy. 20 species, ornamental ; 

 chiefly from Central Asia. 4. Anthoxdnthum odordtum, Sweet 

 Vernal Grass. Fragrance of Tonka Bean. Eur. 



Tribe 11. Ojyzese. — Infl.. a racemose panicle. Sta. 6, sometimes 3 

 or 4, rarely 1. 1. Microlaena stipoldes, onh^ species ; sta. 4. N". 

 Holland. 2. Oryza. Sta. 6. 14 species, warm climates. O. sativa, 

 KiCE, a marsh grain ; native to Asia and perhaps S. Am. ; supplies 

 food for a greater number of human beings than any other known 

 plant. 3. Zizania (Hydropyrum), Indian Eice. 6r. used as food 

 by Indians. 5 species. N. Am. 



Tribe 12. Paniceae. — Infl. a spicate, branched or digitate panicle ; 

 paleae usually cartilaginous. 1. Pdnicum, Panic-Grass. 850 species, 

 widely distributed ; several gigantic, forming the field-crops of the 

 Amazon. P. (Digitaria) sanguindle, Crab-Grass ; culm l°-2'' long. 

 Eur. 2. Cenchrus, Hbdqbhoq Grass, Bur-Grass ; spikelet enclosed 

 in a globular, spiny involucre. 30 species, in warm climates ; many 

 ornamental. C. tribuloides, a pest iii sandy soil ; coasts. Great Lakes, 

 and larger rivers of N. Am. 3. Pennisfetum. Involucre of Cenchrus, 

 but with finer spines, or bristles. 87 species ; ornamental. Sub-tropical, 

 of wide range. 4. Strephium guianense, Guiana-Grass. Lvs. sleep 

 at night. Guiana. 



Tribe 13. Andropogoneae. — Infl. a spicate, branched or digitate 

 panicle, rarely a spicate raceme. Palese rarely cartilaginous. 1. 

 Sorghum vulgdre. Culm 6°-10' high ; infl. in panicles ; Indian 

 Millet, Durra; var. cernuum, Guinea Corn; all cultivated for 

 the grain; var. saechardtii-m, Chinese Sugar-Canb, Imphee, 

 Sweet Sorqhum, cultivated for the syrup ; and Bkoom-Corn, for the 

 panicles, which are made into brooms. Q. Af. and Ind. 2. S^c- 

 charum. Infl. in large, loose, beautiful panicles; glumes enveloped 

 in long, silky hairs. 62 species. E. and W. Ind., China, Af., South 

 Sea Islands, S. Am. S. qfficindrum, Sugar-Cane, the great staple 

 of commerce; culm 8°-20'' high. Native of India, where it has been 

 cultivated from time immemorial. Man\' ornamental species; several 

 N. American, described as EriSnthus, or Woolly-Bbard Grass; 

 4°-6° high. 3. Andropogon, Beard-Grass. Culm l°-5° high ; rts. 

 aromatic. Infl. of clustered or digitate spikes; rachis and ^ fls. with 

 short, silky hairs. 458 species, warmer parts of the glqbe ; all orna- 

 mental, many useful, their rts. being woven into mats, screens, etc. 

 A. Schoendnthus, Lemon-Grass, lvs. lemon-scented. Ind. A. ar- 

 genieus, Silvbr-Beard Grass. Handsome. Del., South. A. scopd- 

 rius, Broom-Sedge Grass. Common. A. Calamus, Sweet Canb and 

 Calamus of the Bible. A. muricdtus, rts. furnish the Vetivert, or 

 Kus-kus, perfume. Ind. 4. Imperata (Eulalia) japonica, Zebra- 

 Grass ; lvs. transversely striped ; culm 6° high, leafy ; infl. feathery, 

 resembling curled ostrich-plumes. Japan. 



Ord. 2. Cyperaceae. Sedges. — Emb. extruded (or barely in- 

 cluded) at base of perisperm. Infl. usually surrounded by long invo- 

 lucral leaves, as in Papyrus (Fig. 53). 120 genera, 2000 species, of 



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