30 ANGIOSPERM^. 



Medeola). 1. P4ris quadrifolia, Heeb Pakis ; stem 1° high ; Ivs. and 

 green flower 4-merous. Eur. 2. Trillium, WAKB-KoBiif. Lvs. and 

 fls. 3-merous. Pis. brown, white, or striped; stem 6'-l° high. 17 

 species. Am. ; Ga. to Arctic regions. 3. Medeola virginica, Indian 

 Cucumber. Only species. Stem l°-3° high; lvs. in 2 whorls; fls. 

 yellowish-green, few, umhelled. Khiz. with taste of cucumber. 

 U.S. 



Tribe 2. Convallirieae.— Fls. § or fj| § ? ; axillary. Styles 

 united; stigmas free. Perentiial, often elimbing Herbs or Undershrubs, 

 with rhizome. Many genera. 1. Smilax, Sabsapakilla. Species, 

 more than 100 ; tropical and temperate regions. Stem climbing, often 

 prickly ; lvs. petiolate, with strong ribs and cross-venules, cordate, 

 ovate, or lanceolate. Fls. small, axillary, clustered, rarely sol., often 

 fragrant, llts. bitter, medicinal. Berries small, black or red. Many 

 fine N. Am. species ; especially the following ; S. lanceoldta, lvs. 

 lanceolate, -berries red (black when fully ripe), stem climbing to the 

 height of 40°, Va. to Fla. ; S. laurifolia, unarmed, lvs. oblong-linear, 

 evergreen, fls. fragrant, berries black, stem climbing 50°-60°, % N. J. 

 to Ga. ; S. rotundifblia, Greenbrier, lvs. round-ovate, berries black, 

 stem armed, climbing 40°, Penn., W. ; and S. Wdlteri, low, berries 

 coral-red, N. J., South. 2. Lapageria rosea, similar to Smilax, but 

 fls. large, red ; berries grape-like, edible ; Chili. 3. Philesia buxifblia, 

 Pepina ; box-leaved small shrub, with large red fls. ; Valdivia to 

 Straits of Magellan. 8. Rdscus,. Butcher's Broom, described, Les- 

 son XV. R. aciiledtus, Fig. 103. Several species. S. Eur. 4. Poly- 

 gonatum, Solomon's Seal, stem naked below, bearing at top nerved 

 lvs. and axillary nodding green or white fls. Sev.'spec. Eur., Am. 

 S. Convallaria majdlis, only species, Lily-of-the-V alley. Stem- 

 less. Scape enveloped in the sheathing petioles of 2 oblong lvs., and 

 bearing a 1-sided raceme of small, white, fragrant fls. Fig. 138. 



Sub-Ord. 3. Asparagese. — Fls. g , rarely diclinous ; small. Style 

 simple, stigma 3-lobed. Fr. a berry ; sds. with black, crustaceous 

 testa. Herbs, Shrubs, or Trees. Lvs. various. 1. Dracaena Draco, 

 only species. Dragon 's-Blood Tree, palm-like stem exuding a blood- 

 red resin ; lvs. lance.-linear, long, crowning the stem, from the centre 

 of which rises an immense panicle of small yellowish fls., succeeded by 

 small red berries. Trees branching in old age, and the longest-lived 

 known plants. The famous tree in Orotava, 'Tenerifl'e, blown down in 

 1867, was older than the Pyramids ; it was 70° high, and 79° in cir- 

 cumference near the base. 2. Dracxnbpsis, S.'Cordyline, 4. Calo- 

 dracon, S. Charlwo6dia, are similar genera, some with colored foliage. 

 St. Helena, tropical Africa, Madagascar, Mascarene Islands, Malaysia. 

 Cordyline also in S. Am. 6. Asparagus, fls. and fr. of Dracsena ; stem 

 leafless, with leaf-like capillary branches or expansions. Many orna- 

 mental Asiatic species, some creeping. A. offieindlis, the common 

 vegetable, native of Bur. and Asia. i. Myrsiphyllum, leaf-like ex- 

 pansions, as in Asparagus, but broader, as in Euscus ; stem twining, 

 fls. fragrant, berries green. Several species. S. Af. 



Sub-Ord. 4. LiliAceee. — Fls. § , 6-merous. Style simple, stigmas 

 3, more or less distinct. Fr. a capsule, rarely a berry. Perennial 

 Herbs, rarely annual. 4 Tribes : 



Tribe 1. Hyacinthineae. — Stamens on the torus or on the peri- 

 anth-tube. Fr. capsular. Sds. globose or angular; testa crustaceous, 



