ENDOGENS. 33 



with divisions slightly incurved, never spreading. Many fine species, 

 colors rich, varied. Eur., Asia. 



Ord. 19. Ophiopogonaceae. — Fls. g , 6-merous. Ova. half-adh. 

 Stemless, tufted Herbs with grass-like Ivs. Scape with racemose small 

 fls. Sds. with fleshy testa. 2 gen. ; 1. Ophiop6gon, Serpent's 

 Beard. 2. Pelios4nthes, fls. with a corona. Ind., Japan. 



Ord. 20. Aspidistracese. — Fls. g. Ova. free. Perianth 6-8-fld ; 

 sta. 6-8, on perianth ; stigma radiate. Fls. sol. or spiked, dull purple 

 or green. Fr. a berry. 3 gen. : 1. Aspidistra. 2. Tupistra. 3. Roh- 

 dea japonica, spilce of white fls. succeeded by showy berries. Japan. 



The 2 remaining Alliances in this subdivision (Arum, Palm) are 

 called Spadiciferce — Spadix-bearing. 



Arum Alliance. — Fls. small, 9 <"" diclinous, on a spadix or spike 

 (except in Lemnacese). Perianth divisions distinct, 2-seriate, or 0. 

 Fr. a berry, l-oo -seeded. Perisperm fleshy or floury : 21. Lemnacese. 

 22. Araceae. 23. Typhacese. 



Ord. 21. Lemnaceae. Duckmeats.- — Fls. g . Perianth 0. Sta. 

 1-2. Ova. 1-celled. Herbs, consisting of minute green scales on stag- 

 nant water. Several genera ; cosmop. 1. Lemna. Several species. 

 2. W61ffia. Eur., S. Am. W. brasiliinsis. Can. to 111. 



Ord. 22. Aracese. Arabs. — Fls. small, g or diclinous. Sta. few 

 or many. Perianth 0, or 4-5-6-8-merous, Spadix often colored. Fr. 

 a berry. Perisperm copious, disappearing at germination (0 in Sym- 

 plocarpus). Lvs. usually large, with cross-venules. Herbs, stemless, 

 or with erect or scandent stems. 2 Tribes. 



Tribe 1. Aracese. — Fls. ^ {(^ $ in Arisaema), achlamydeous. . ? 

 on lower, (j^ on upper part of spadix. 1. Pistia. Spadix adnate to 

 Spatha. Aquatic ; tropical ponds ; floating. P. Stratibtes, Watbr- 

 Lettitce. S. C. to Fla. and La., W. Ind. 2. Cryptocoryne. Spadix 

 included and jointed to spatha by its top. Marshes, Asia. 



A. Spadix free (rarely adnate), terminated by a naked appendage. 

 Herbs with thick or tuberous rhizome ; often acrid. 

 3. Arisaema. Fls. (^ $ . Sev. spec. Asia, America. A. Dracon- 

 iium, Green-Dragon. Lf. sol., with 11 pedate divisions; spadix 

 with long, tapering appendage, protruding, snake-like. Low grounds. 

 N. Am. A. triphpllum, Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Indian Turnip. 

 Lvs. trifoliate. Tubers acrid. U. S. 4. Dractoculus vulgaris, 

 (Arum Dracunculus). Handsome pedate lvs. and spotted stems. S. 

 Eur. 5. Arum. Several spec. Eur., Asia. A. maculdtum, CircKOO- 

 PiNT, Lords-and-Ladies, Friar's Cowl. Lvs. ovate-sagittate, 

 maculate, spatha green, spadix purple. Berries clustered, bright red. 

 Fig. 57. Gt. Brit. 6. Caladium. Lvs. large, sagittate, peltate, often 

 variegated. Many tropical species, both worlds. 7. Peltiindra vir- 

 ginica. Lvs. sagittate, long-petioled ; spatha green ; berries green, 

 enclosed in base of spatha ; edible. Shallow water. Mass. to Can. 

 8. Colocasia, Several species, tropics of both worlds. C. antiquorum. 

 Lvs. ovate-sagittate, 1°-h° long ; rhiz. furnishes Arrow-root. Asia, Af. 



B. Spadix without naked appendage. 

 9. Richardia africdna. Trumpet Lily (miscalled Calla Lily). Lvs. 

 large, hastate, long-petioled ; spatha white, fragrant ; spadix yellow. 

 Cape of Good Hope. 10. Aglaon^ma, similar. Ind. 



