ENDOGENS. 37 



containing 1, 2, or 3 immense nuts, resembling cocoa-nuts, but each 

 divided half-way down into 2 lobes, thus seeming double. Trees 

 bloom at the age of 30 years ; J* fls. in spadices 5° long ; $ fls. on a 

 long, zigzag spadix, maturing 5-11 nuts averaging 40 lbs. each. 

 Fruit requires 10 years to mature ; its perisperm, jelly-lilie for the first 

 five years, is horny when ripe. The root-system, with stem-bowl, etc., 

 is surprisingly developed, giving the tree great play amidst gales. 

 Found only in the Seychelle Islands, which were not discovered by 

 Europeans until 1743. The nuts, found fioating at sea centuries before, 

 had given rise to a thousand legends, and fabulous virtues were ascribed 

 to them. Lvs. are manufactured into exquisitely fine baskets, etc., and 

 for this traffic the trees are liliely to become extinct. 4. Bor^ssus. 

 (J 9 ■ Drupe as large as a child's head, 3-seeded, edible. Lvs. pal- 

 mate-flabellate, immense. 2 species ; B. flabellifdrtnis, Fai,uyra P., 

 Toddy P. ; trop. Asia ; 60°-100° high ; Palm-wine (Toddy) furnished 

 by the spatha (though obtained from other geAera) ; B. cethibpicum, 

 Central Af. ; trunk bulging at the middle of its height. 



Tribe 4. Calamese. — Fls. usually diclinous. Fr. a berry with 

 imb. scales. Lvs. pinnate, or palmate-flabellate, with a hooked 

 appendage. Sarmentose or arborescent. 



1. Sagus, Sago P. Lvs. pinnate. Infl. terminal. Trees, mono- 

 carpic ; flowering at the age of 15-20 years, requiring 3 years to ripen 

 their fruit, then dying. Sago is furnished by the pith, the trees being 

 felled just before flowering. S. laevis, 30°-50° high, lvs. smooth ; 

 S. Rumphii, smaller ; lvs. spiny ; Moluccas. 2. Calamus, Kattan 

 P. ; usually climbing. Lvs. pinnate, often ending in a long append- 

 age, armed with hooks, by which the stems climb; stems reed-like, 

 jointed, often 250° long ; manufactured into canes, chair-bottoms, etc. 

 80 species, a few low shrubs or small trees. Malaysia, Ind., 2 in 

 Atistralia, 1 in Af. C. Rotdng, is the typical Rattan. Ind. 



Tribe S. Arecineae. — ^ or (^ 5. Spatha 00-leaved, rarely 1- 

 leaved, very rarely 0. Fr. deeply 3-lobed, berry or drupe. Lvs. 

 pinnate, pinnatifld, or 2-pinnate. Trees or shrubs. 



1, Caryota. Lvs. 2-pinnate, pinnules the shape of a scalene triangle, 

 broad and jagged at top. Monocarpic, like Sagus, but longer-lived. 

 Infl. axillary. Spadices branching, drooping, like horsetails ; lowest 

 flowering first. Fr. a berry. 9 species, handsome trees, E. Ind. and 

 Islands. C. Hrens, 60° high ; lvs. 20° long, 12° broad ; spadices 10°- 

 18° long. 2. Oreodbxa. Lvs. pinnate. 6 species, all fine trees, W. 

 Ind., trop. Am. ; O. olerdeea, Cabbage P., 100°-170° high; leaf-bud 

 cabbage-like in form ; delicious, but the young trees die after it is cut. 

 "Woody leaf-stalks made into cradles by negroes. Spatha double, 

 woody. W. Ind. 3. Saguerus. Lvs. pinnate. Infl. like horsetails. 

 Few species, tallest 40° high. Ind. Archipelago. S. sacchdrifer, 

 Arenga p.. Toddy P. ; spatha yields Toddy, made into sugar. 4. 

 Ceroxylon. Lvs. pinnate, 20° long. Fr. a berry. 3 species, all 

 noble trees of great height, S. Am. ; C. andicola, Wax P. ; stem 

 bulging towards the top ; exuding a valuable wax. New Granada, 

 elevated regions almost to snow-line. 5. Iriartea. Lvs. pinnate, large ; 

 pinnse trapezoid, jagged on one side ; spatha 00-leaved. Fr. a drupe, 

 1-seeded. 5 species, 60°-100° high, elevated on a conical mass of 

 spiny adventitious rts. Peru, Brazil. 6. Wettinia. (^ $. Lvs. 

 plnnatisect, segments truncate and erose at apex. Infl. axillary. 



