48 ANOIOSPERM^. 



Eesembling the others, but capsule dry, dehiscent, 3-seeded. H. Marlai 

 AlexandrovncB, resembles Musa ; stem 20° high. Spikes flat, nodding, 

 2^° long J fls. red, with white bracts. N. Granada. Fibre of petioles 

 useful. H. psittacorum, shoots edible. W. Ind. 



Sub-Ord. 8. Zingibericeae. Ginqeks.— Perianth double; caljx 

 tubular, entire, or split lil<e a spatha, 3-toothed or 3-fid. Corolla 

 tubular, 3-partite, segments unequal, upper usually largest, cucuUate. 

 Staminodes petaloid, forming a 2-lipped tube adnate to corolla tube. 

 Stamens sol., on base of corolla tube, filament free, petaloid, often pro- 

 longed beyond the 2-celled anther, of which the cells are distant and 

 marginal. Infl. spiked, raeemed, or panicled. Ova. 3- (rarely 1-2-) 

 celled, often surmounted with 1 or more staminodes. Fr. a capsule. 

 Sds. with perisperm and vitellus. Emb. with radicle protruded 

 through vitellus and beyond albumen. Perennial Herbs, with creep- 

 ing or tuberous rhiz., rarely fibrous rts. Stemless, or stem simple, 

 enveloped by leaf-sheaths. Lvs. simple, blade flat, entire. More 

 than 30 genera; many species, all valuable. Aromatic. Tropics, 

 both worlds. Types only given here. 



1. Ci^rcuma. Fls. bracteate, spicate. Many Asiatic species ; rts. 

 furnish the medicine Zedoary. C. longa, rts. furnish Turmeric. E. 

 Ind. 2. Amomum. Ehiz. jointed, creeping ; lvs. lanceolate, 2-rowed. 

 Els. bracteate, in a spike or cluster, often showy. Fr. capsular ; sds.- 

 aromatic. A. Grdna^Paradlsi (Guinea). Sds. are the Grains of Para- 

 dise. A. Cardambmum (E. Ind.). Sds. are Cardamom sds., which 

 are also furnished by several other species, all Asiatic. 3. Zingiber. 

 Similar to Amomum, but inner lobes of corolla wanting. Several 

 species, Old World. Z. officinale, rts. are the Ginger of commerce. 

 Cultivated in all tropical countries. Fig. 151. 4. Alpinia, similar ; 

 several species, trop. Am., Ind. Archipel. A. Galdnga, rts. are the 

 Galdngal of pharmacy, used for indigestion. A. nutans, stems tall, 

 with lanceolate lvs. and terminal nodding spikes of lovely fls. S. 

 Hedychium. Sev. spec. Trop. Asia. Kts. tuberous; stems with 

 oblong lvs. and terminal spikes of bracteate large flowers, 6-partite, 5 

 segme'nts narrow, the sixth large, notched, or divided ; resembling the 

 Butterfly Orchids, and called Bdttekfly-Lilies. H. corondrium, 

 Gar'land-Plowkr ; stem 4°-5° high ; fls. yellow. Other species, with 

 white flowers, common in Southern gardens, and hardy as far north as 

 Central Ky. 



Sub-Order 3. Cannaceae. Cannas. — Flower with 4 whorls: (1) 

 calyx, 3-leaved ; (2) corolla of 3 sub-equal divisions, tubular at base, 

 colored; (3) outer staminodes petaloid, inserted on corolla, interior one 

 bilobed or ringent ; (4) inner staminodes petaloid, one labelliform, the 

 other antheriferous, with a 1-celled anther. Style dilated, petaloid. 

 Ova. adh. ; 3-celled. Capsule 1-8-celled. Emb. straight or curved, 

 with 2 chalazal canals crossing the perisperm. Perennial Herbs, with 

 flbrous rts. or creeping rhizomes. Stem simple or branched. Lvs. 

 petiolate, sheathing ; blade plane, large, entire. 9 genera. Tropics, 

 both worlds. 



1, Cinna, Indian Shot (from the black bullet-like sds.). Many 

 fine species ; fls. variously colored, spiked. C. indica, 6°-6° high, fls. 

 red or yellow. C. discolor, 6°-10° high, fls. crimson, lvs. purple- 

 tinged. C. glouca. lvs. glaucous, stem 10°-15° high, fls. yellow or 

 red, 4' long. C. fldccida, 2°-4° high, fls. 4' long, petals flaccid, yellow. 



