66 AN&JOSPERMJ^. 



Am. Fls. small, in hds. Drupe 2-seeded. 3. Aloysia citrioddra, 

 Lemon Verbena ; toll 2-seeded. Small fragrant shrub, Chili. 4. 

 Verbena. Fr. splitting into 4 akaines. Herbs or shrubs. V. officl- 

 ndlis, Vervain; herb, held sacred by the ancients, especially Druids. 

 Eur. V. AuUetia, fls. puiple. 111. to Car., S. ; and V. chamaedrifdlia, 

 fls. scarlet, S. Am., are the originals of most garden Verbenas. 



Foxglove Alliance. — Characters of Mint Alliance, but plants not 

 fragrant ; ovules oo ; fr. frequently a boll. 36. Acanthacese. 37. 

 Bignoniacese. 38. Gesneraceae (ova. sometimes adh.). 39. Co- 

 lumelliaceae. 40. Orobanchiacese. 41. Lentibulariaceae. 42. 

 Scrophulariaceae. 



Ord. 36. Acanthaces. — Anther-cells often sepa. and superimposed. 

 Fr. a boll. Sds. supported by hooks (or a papilla) arising from pla- 

 centa. Pcrisperm 0. Herhs, rarely Shrubs. 155 gen., 1100 spec, for 

 the most part weeds, a few beautiful. Chiefly trop., both worlds. . 

 Sub-Ord. 1. Sds. on hooks. A. Sta. 2. 1. Dianthera, Water- Wil- 

 low. Lvs. long, fls. usually reddish, spiked. Many spec, herbs or 

 shrubs; weeds. IT. S., trop. Am. 2. L.ihbnia. fiiribmida, only spec, 

 similar, smaller; fls. scarlet, yellow-tipped. Brazil. 3. Justicia, 

 herbs or shrubs; fls. showy, red. Ind., S. Af. 4. Gymnost&chyum 

 (Fittonia), dwarf plants; lvs. with colored veins. G. zepldnicum, 

 Ceylon. G. VerschaffeUii, Para. B. Sta. 4, anth. 1-celled. S. Acan- 

 thus, elegant foliage-plants of S. Eur. ; lvs. large, sinuate^pinnatifid. 

 A. mollis, lvs. nearly smooth. A. spinosus, Classical A., lvs. spiny. 

 Lesson XXVII., Fig. 123. Sub-Ord. 2. Seeds hooked or papillate. 

 Sta. 4, 2-oelled. 1. Ruellia. Pilose herbs, fls. blue or purple. Many . 

 fine spec, U. S., Asia, Australia. R. formbsa, hairs, Fig. 106, 8. 

 R. sfre;)e«s, fls. blue, Penn.,W. and S. Sub-Ord. 3. Sds. papillate 

 Calyx reduced to a ring. Sta. 4, 2-celled. 1. Thunbergia, climbing 

 herbs ; fls. showy ; boll beaked. 



Ord. 37. Bignoniaceae. — Characters of last; but 5th sta. sterile 

 or 0. Trees and Shrubs (often climbing), rarely Herbs. Fls. large, 

 showy, often trumpet-shaped. Fr. a boll, berry, or drupe. 70 gen., 

 520 spec, trop., both worlds, chiefly in Old World 3 Sub-Orders. 

 Sub-Ord. 1. Herbs. Sds. wingless. Placentation parietal. 1. Mar- 

 tynia, Unicorn, Devil's Claws. Fls. showy, fragrant, raeemed ; 

 boll with 2 long curving horns. M. proboscidea, S. and Western 

 F. S. M. frdffrans, Mex. 2, Uncaria procHmbens, only spec. 

 Grapple-Plant. ' Prostrate. Boll covered with strong branched 

 sharp hooks. S. Af. 3. Sesamum indicum, sds. oily, edible. Ind. 

 • Sub-Ord. 2. Small trees. Fr. woody, indehisc. Both worlds. 1. 

 Crescfentia, Calabash T. Fls. large, adventitious. Fr. (pepo) 

 large and horny, almost indestructible. C. Cujete. 30= high ; lvs. 

 simple in 5s. Gourds 1° in diam., made into various useful ves- 

 sels. Pig. 209. W. Ind., trop. Am. C. aldta, Holy Cross T., 30° 

 high ; lvs. in 3s ; 2 outer simple, sessile ; central one ternate at apex 

 of an alate petiole, imitating a cross. Gourds small, made into drink- 

 ing-cups. Mex. 2. Parmentiera, Candle T. Fls. of last. Lvs. 

 simple or trifoliate. Pepo long, slender, fleshy, imitating a yellow 

 wax candle; edible. 2 spec. : P. ceHfera, candles 4° long ; Panama; 

 P. edulis, candles shorter, .sweeter; Mex. 



Sub-Ord. 8. BignonisiceEe. — Trees, shrubs, often climbing or creep- 

 ing, rarely herbs. Fls. usually large, usually trumpet-shaped ; always 



