EXOGENS. 105 



2. Priinus. Trees or shrubs, with spiny branches ; temp, regions, both 

 worlds. Fls. white, sol. or clustered. Drupe pruinous. Stone flat- 

 tish (furrowed at the edge) and pointed. Many spec. P. spinosa, 

 Slok, Blackthorn. Shrub ; drupe dark purple, sour. Eur. P. 

 insititia, Btjllacb Plum, similar to last, fr. black, round. Eur. P. 

 domestica, Garden Pluji, Damson. 15°-20° high. Many fine vari- 

 eties ; Green Gage, Eeinb Claude, etc. ; dried varieties are known 

 as Prunes. Native of Chucksus and Asia Minor. American : P. 

 Chicasa, Chickasaw P. 6°-12° high; drupe globular, red. Penn., 

 S. and W. P. americdna, small tree ; drupe globular or oval, red, 

 crimson, or orange. Along streams, common. P. umhellcUa, small 

 bushy tl-ee ; drupe red. Copses, Ga. and Pla. P. Armeniaca, Apri- 

 cot, 20°-30° high ; drupe round, orange or brown. Armenia. Many 

 fine varieties. 3, Amygdalus. Similar to Prijnus, but drupe velvety, 

 large; stone rugose and porous ; fls. often pink or red. A. comfnunis, 

 Almond. 20° high ; fls. large, pink ; epicarp dry when ripe, and 

 separating like a husk from the brittle stone ; stone with 1 large, edible 

 sd. (sometimes 2 sds.). Barbary, Morocco. Many varieties : Bitter 

 Almond has white fls. and bitter sds. A. nana, Flowering A.;, 

 dwarf, with double fls., white, pink, red; and fr. of last. Asia. A. 

 (Prunus) Persiea, Peach. Similar to Almond, but epicarp fleshy 

 and larger. Fig. 206. Asia. Many varieties : Free-stonk, Cling- 

 stone, etc. Var. laevis, Nectarine, has a smooth skin. 4. Cerasus, 

 Cheery. Similar to Amygdalus, but fls. (usually) white, umbelled, 

 or racemed ; fr. smaller, nearly globular, shining ; stone round, 

 smooth; wood hard, fragrant, valuable. Many spec, temp, regions, 

 both worlds ; many and variable varieties. 2 Sections : 



1. Fls. umbelled: 1. C. miXgdris (Prunus Cerasus), Garden 

 Cherry. Cultivated from Asia Minor, where it grows to the 

 height of 100°, diam. 5°. In Eur. and Am., tree 25°-30° high; 

 drupe red, amber-colored, or dark. Var. Kentish, Mat-Duke, 

 MoRELLO. C. Avium (probably of same origin), 40°-50° high ; drupe 

 ovoid, various shades of red. Var. Ox-heart, Biqarreau. C. penn- 

 si/lvdnica, Wild Kbd C. 25°-30° high, drupes small, red. Common, 

 N., TJ. S. C. pumila, Dwarf C. Spreading, 2° high, fr. dark red. 

 Sands, N., U. S. 2. Fls. racemed: C.serbtina, Wild Black C. 60°- 

 80° high; fr. black, small, pleasantly bitter; wood valuable. Com- 

 mon, U. S. C. virqinidna. Choke C. 5°-20° high ; fr. red, showy, 

 astringent. Woods, hedges, TJ. S. C. Pddus, Bird C. 10°-25° 

 high ; fr. black, stone corrugated. Eur. C. Mnhdleb, St. Lucia's C. 

 20°-30° high ; fr. black, bitter. Fls. and wood remarkably fragrant; 

 wood very valuable. Mid. and S. Eur., abounding near St. Lucia's 

 Abbey, Vosges, France. C. (Prunus) sinensis, Chinese C. Shrub, 

 fls. double, red and white. China; pistils. Fig. 179. Evergreen: 

 C. carolinidna, Laurel Cherry. 30°-50° high, fr. black. S. C. to 

 Fla. and La. C. lusitanica, similar ; 20°-40° high. Portugal, Azores. 

 C. iaMrocCT-a.ws, similar, but shrub : Asia Minor. 2. Nuttallia. Small 

 tree; fls. (^ ?, racemed, white; ova. 5, distinct, 1-seeded ; fewer in 

 fr. (leading to Spiraea). N. W., Am. 



Tribe 4. Herbs. Lvs. sinuate-pinnatifid. Calyx-tube accrescent. 

 Pet. 5 ; sta. 10 ; boll orbicular, of 10 1-seeded follicles sunk in the 

 hardened calyx-tube. 1. n^nvaAa. procumbens, small, prostrate; fls. 

 small, axil. ; 0. Sands, N. Af , S. W. Asia. 



