158 ANGIOSPERMM 



Ord. 161. Monimiacese.— jEst. imb. Fls. cPi c? ? ' (:? S ? > rarely 

 §; usually yellow; sol., or in racemes, cymes, panicles. Pet. 0. 

 Perianth a torus-cupule, spreading, or fig-like, or rarely capsular, usu- 

 ally accrescent, on which 4-6-8-oo sepals are inserted (and imb.). Sta. 

 u.sually 00 (rarely few), lining the wall of the cupule in the (^, its 

 throat only in the 9 • Carpels usually oo, rarely few ; 1-celled, dis- 

 tinct, superficial or sunk in the cupule. Pr. drupe, or akaine, often 

 with plumose persistent style. Pr. often edible. Lvs. simple, opp. or 

 whorled, rarely alt. ; often pellucid-punctate, glabrous, silky, cottony, 

 or seal}'; exstip. Ev. Trees, Shrubs, aromatic. 22 gen., 180 spec, 

 chiefly in S. hemisphere. 2 Tribes. Types only given : 



Tribe 1. Ov. erect, rarely pend. A. Perianth spreading. Akaines. 

 1. Laurelia. Fls. (^ ^, racemed. 2 spec. L. sempermrens, tall 

 tree ; sds. called Plume Nutmegs. Chili. L. nbva-zelandiae, 100°-150° 

 high, 7° in diam., with buttresses 15° thick. New Z. 2. Athero- 

 sperma mosc/fote, monotypic. Fls. (^ g 9, sol. Gigantic tree. New 

 Holl. B. Perianth Jig-like. Drupe with nut free. 3. Siparuna (Ci- 

 trosma). Fls. J' § ? -J' ?, rarely j^. Cymes. Shrubs, small trees. 

 60 spec, S. Am., widely distributed. Tribe 2. Ov. pend. A. Peri- 

 anth .spreading. Drupes. 1. Boldoa [Veiuims) frdgrans, monotypic. 

 Chili. 2. Mollinedia. Pis. (^ 9, cP. Cymes, racemes, panicles. 

 Trees, shrubs ; 30 spec. ; 3 or 4 in Australia, rest from Brazil to Mex. 

 B. Perianth fig-like. 3. Kibara. Pis. jf , rarely (^ 9 • Cymose. 

 Trees, 10 spec, trop. Asia, Malaysia, Australia. 4. Amtiora (Tam- 

 bourissa). Pis. fP, adventitious; racemed or sol. Trees, 14 spec; 

 and 5. Monimia. Pis. .-p. Eacemed, panicled. Trees, shrubs, 3 spec. ; 

 Mauritius, Madagascar, Cape Comorin, Mascarene Islands. 



Ord. 162. Magnoliaceffi.— ^st. imb. Fls. jP , (j^ g 9'-J' 9, 

 §, usually large, sol., lily-like; rarely racemed, fascicled; rarely 

 aclilamyd. Sep. 3, or 6, or 2-4, usually petaloid ; free. Pet. 6- «, at 

 base of the long torus (gonopbore) ; 1-2- oo -seriate. Sta. oo, sev.-seri- 

 ate, above the petals, on the gonophore; anth. adnate, extrorse or in- 

 trorse ; dehisc. various. Ova. always 1-celled ; oo or few ; oo-seriate, 

 occupying the upper part of the gonophore (which thus becomes a 

 gynophore), or whorled at its top; distinct, rarely coherent. Style 

 continuous with ova., stigmatiferous within and near the top. Ov. 2 

 (rarely more), pend. ; or 1, erect. Pr. various. Carpels free or co- 

 herent ; follicular, or baccate, or samaroid, or woody and pyxidial 

 (breaking transversely) at base. Emb. minute. Lvs. alt., simple, 

 entire, rarely lobed or dentate ; coriaceous ; exstip. ; or stipules mem- 

 branous, caduc, convolute, often connate into a sheath in vernation. 

 Trees, Shrubs, often ev. and aromatic. 11 gen., 72 spec, N. and S. 

 Am., Asia, and Islands, Australia. None in Af. or Eur. 4 Tribes : 



Tribe 1. Pis. fp, sol., small, ax., usually scented. Sep. and pet. 

 9-12-15, 3- 00 -seriate ; passing gradually from small outer to larger 

 petaloid inner. (^ : Sta. an, or 5-15; fila. short, thick; distinct or 

 united in a globular mass ; anth. -cells short, rounded. 9- Carpels oo ; 

 in a head on the gynophore (Kadsura), or on a cone-like gynophore, 

 which elongates into a spike in fr. (Schizandra). Carpels 2-3-ovuled, 

 becoming berries, indehisc. Lvs. ent. or dentate, often pellucid- 

 punctate ; sub-coriaceous ; exstip. Climbing shrubs, usually ev. ; 

 trop. and E. Asia ; one spec. N. Am. 2 gen. : 1. Kadsiira, ev. ; fls. 

 white or red; berries distinct, in a hd. 7 spec, trop. Asia, Japan. 2. 



