78 



MOSSES WITH A HAND-LENS 



cucullate. The costa does not reach the obtuse and rounded apex. 

 E. ciLiATA (Hedw.) Hoffm., the Fringed Extinguisher Moss, 

 is rfrequent on rocks in mountain regions. The plants are about 

 one inch in height. The slightly excurrent costa, leaves plane- 

 margined in the upper portion, and the fringed calyptra are its 

 ear marks. The spores mature in summer. 



Family n. 



The Ofthottichum 



Orthotrichaceae. 



Family. 



OMEWHAT resembling the Grimmia Family, but nearly 

 always growing on trees. The plants are small, rarely 

 reaching an inch in height and usually much shorter, 

 blackish or brownish green below. The leaves are 

 oblong- or linear-lanceolate and usually very hygro- 

 scopic. The calyptra is nearly always hairy and the capsules 

 often immersed, with very distinct longitudinal wrinkles when 



dry and empty. The peristome 

 usually consists of i6 rather 

 short teeth which are nearly al- 

 ways reflexed when dry and are 

 often united in pairs ; the inner 

 peristome is usually represented 

 by i6 slender hairlike proc- 

 esses, almost too minute for 

 the hand-lens. In the First 

 Edition this family was united 

 with the Grimmiaccac. Mem- 

 bers of these two families may 

 become so dry and brittle as to 

 crumble to dust in the fingers 

 and yet retain their vitality un- 

 impaired, springing into re- 

 newed growth with the next rain. 



Figure 28. Dvummondia clavellata. 

 a, X I. b, X 10. c, Calyptra X lo- 

 d, Empty capsule X 10. 



DRUMMONDIA. 



Drummondia is a com- 

 mon moss of the Orthotrichum 

 family. It always grows on the 

 bark of trees, but is easily dis- 



