2 DISEASES OF SWINE 



The number of respirations per minute will vary in 

 a healthy animal, and are frequently accompanieid by 

 respiratory sounds, as grunting, etc. During rest 

 they vary from ten to twenty per minute; if warm or 

 excited and during exercise, from sixty to one hun- 

 dred. 



In disease the respiration may be quickened, la- 

 bored, and noisy. In pleurisy the walls of the chest 

 are held more or less rigid, and the abdominal walls 

 are used in breathing. This is called the abdominal 

 form of respiration. In the thoracic form, which 

 occurs in an inflammation of the lining membrane of 

 the abdomen, the abdominal walls are -held rigid and 

 the movement of the chest walls is increased. In 

 thumps a sudden contraction of the flanks occurs. 



In the different diseases of the air passages and 

 lungs the altered sounds and movements of the 

 respiratory muscles are of great importance, both in 

 the recognition of the different diseases and in noting 

 their progress. The secretions from the lining mem- 

 branes are also increased and modified. When the 

 air passages are irritated by dust and lung worms, 

 sneezing and coughing occur. The different lung 

 sounds, nasal secretions, etc., will be discussed in con- 

 nection with the different respiratory diseases. 



The body temperature, as in all farm animals, is 

 taken in the rectum, the ordinary fever thermometer 

 being used. The normal temjierature of a hog varies 

 from 100.5° to 105°. The average is about 103°. 

 The variation in the body temperature in health is 

 due to the following conditions: exercise and warm 



