DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS 33 



In chronic cases of long standing the connective 

 tissue may become greatly increased, and the kidney 

 shrunken and small. 



Tubercular lesions are sometimes found. 



Very large cystic kidneys containing cavities filled 

 with pus or urine are occasionally found. 



Treatment. — The preventive measures consist in 

 avoiding, if possible, such conditions as may cause 

 the disease. 



FIG. 4 — A DISEASED KIDNEY SHOWING RED OR PETECHIAL SI'OTS 



The medicinal treatment consists in the use of hot 

 applications to the back, just over the region of the 

 kidneys, and the administration of small doses of 

 castor oil daily. This is necessary in order to 

 eliminate all of the waste products possible by way of 

 the intestinal tract, and relieve, as much as possible, 

 the work of the kidneys. It may be necessary in 

 some cases to give heart tonics. 



