Cavallas and Pampanos 493 
or less certainty. Azpichthys pretiosus and other species occur 
in the Cretaceous. These are deep-bodied fishes resembling 
Seriola, having the falcate dorsal twice as long as the anal and 
the ventral ridge with thickened scales. Vomeropsis (longispina 
elongata, etc.), also from the Eocene, with rounded caudal, 
the anterior dorsal rays greatly elongate, and the supraoccipital 
crest highly developed, probably constitutes with it a distinct 
family, Vomeropside. Several species referable to Carangus 
are found in the Miocene. Archeus glarisianus, resembling 
Carangus, but without scales so far as known, is found in the 
Oligocene of Glarus; Seriola prisca and other species of Seriola 
occur in the Eocene; Carangopsis brevis, etc., allied to Caranx, 
but with the lateral line unarmed, is recorded from the Eocene 
of France and Italy. 
Ductor leptosomus from the Eocene of Monte Bolca 
resembles Naucrates; Trachinotus tenuiceps is recorded from 
Monte Bolca, and a species of uncertain relationship, called 
Pseudovomer minutus, with sixteen caudal vertebre is taken 
from the Miocene of Licata. 
The Papagallos: Nematistiide.—Very close to the Carangide, 
and especially to the genus Seriola, is the small family of 
Nematistiide, containing the papagallo, Nematistius pectoralis 
of the west coast of Mexico. This large and beautiful fish has 
the general appearance of an amber-fish, but the dorsal spines 
are produced in long filaments. The chief character of the 
family is found in the excessive division of the rays of the 
pectoral fins. 
The Bluefishes: Cheilodipteride.—Allied to the Carangid@ is 
the family of bluefishes (Chetlodipteride, or Pomatomtde). The 
single species Chetlodtpterus saltatrix, or Pomatomus saltatrix, 
known as the bluefish, is a large, swift, extremely voracious fish, 
common throughout most of the warmer parts of the Atlantic, 
but very irregularly distributed on the various coasts. Its 
distribution is doubtless related to its food. It is more abun- 
dant on our Eastern coast than anywhere else, and its chief 
food here is the menhaden. The bluefish differs from the 
Carangide mainly in its larger scales, and in a slight serration 
of the bones of the head. Its flesh is tender and easily torn. 
As a food-fish, rich, juicy, and delicate, it has few superiors, 
