Surmullets, Croakers, etc. 571 
from Cape Ann southward, Menticirrhus americanus is the 
equally common sand-whiting of Carolina, and Menticirrhus 
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littoralis the surf-whiting. The California whiting or sand- 
sucker is Menticirrhus undulatus, 
Pogontas chromts, the sea-drum, has barbels on the chin and 
the lower pharyngeals are enlarged and united as in the river- 
Fic. 464—Kingfish, Menticirrhus americanus (Linnzus). Pensacola. 
drum, Aplodinotus. It is a coarse fish common on our Atlantic 
coasts, a large specimen taken at St. Augustine weighing 146 
pounds. Other species of this family, belonging to the genus 
Eques, are marked with ribbon-like stripes of black. Eques 
lanceolatus, known in Cuba as serrana, is the most ornate of these 
species, looking like a butterfly-fish or Chetodon. 
Several fossil fragments have been doubtfully referred to 
Sciena, Umbrina, Pogonias, and other genera. Otoliths or 
