Chromides and Pharyngognathi 599 
taine or hogfish, Lachnolaimus maximus, a great fish, crimson 
in color, with its fin spines ending in long streamers; Bodianus 
rufus, the Spanish lady-fish or pudiano, half crimson, half 
golden. Halicheres radiatus, the pudding-wife (a mysterious 
word derived from “oldwife’’ and the Portuguese name, pudi- 
ano), a blue fish handsomely mottled and streaked. Of the 
smaller species, Clepticus parre, the janissary, with very small 
teeth, Halichwres bivittatus, the slippery-dick, ranging north- 
ward to Cape Hatteras, and Doratonotus megalepis, of an intense 
grass-green color, are among the most notable. The razor- 
fish, Xyrichthys psittacus, red, with the forehead compressed 
to a sharp edge, is found in the Mediterranean as well as through- 
out the West Indies, where several other species of razor-fish 
also occur. 
Scarcely less numerous are the species of the Pacific Coast 
of America. Pimelometopon pulcher, the redfish or fathead of 
Fia. 489,—Razor-fish, Xyrichthys psittacus (Linneus). Tortugas, Fla. 
southern California, reaches a length of two feet or more. It 
abounds in the broad band of giant kelp which lines the Cali- 
fornia coast and is a food-fish of much importance The 
female is dull crimson. In the male the head and tail are black 
and on the top of the head is developed with age a great adipose 
hump. A similar hump is found on the adult of several other 
large labroids. Similar species on the coast of South America, 
differing in color and size of scales, are Pimelometopon darwini, 
Trochocopus opercularis, and Bodianus diplotenia. The sefio- 
rita, Oxyjulis californica, is a dainty cream-colored little fish 
