86 The Management and Diseases of the Dog. 



When there is considerable pain without haemorrhage, 

 and the rectum is tumefied, leeches may be conveniently 

 and advisedly applied to the parts. Pain, with internal 

 haemorrhage, is best relieved by the addition of a grain of 

 opium to the astringent paste or injection.* 



When obstinate constipation prevails, an enema of olive- 

 oil is most suitable for facilitating the faecal evacuation, and 

 with less pain than with any other form of evacuation. 



Tumours, external or internal, should be removed by 

 ligature, the animal being under the influence of chloroform. 

 The ultimate sore to be treated according to circumstances. 



Fcetor may be counteracted by the application if ex- 

 ternal, or the injection if internal, of a weak solution of 

 chloride of zinc. 



PROLAPSUS ANI. 



This condition of the rectum often occurs in aged dogs 

 which are overfed, have but little exercisej and whose 

 bowels are either continually constipated or relaxed. It is 

 generally a protrusion or eversion of the mucous membrane 

 of the rectum rather than the rectum itself. 



Symptoms. — These need but little description — the ever- 

 sion being in itself sufficiently diagnostic ; at stool it is 

 increased and considerably injected. 



Treatment. — This consists in cleansing and returning the 

 protruded portion, and afterwards in the application of cold 

 and astringents. Tone will be given to the system, and 

 constringement of the affected part effected by the administra- 

 tion of tinct. ferri, lo to 15 minims, twice or three times a 

 day in cold water. 



Nutritious diet and a moderate allowance of exercise 

 should be given. 



* A drachm each of tannin and opium, with an ounce of lard, makes 

 an excellent ointment for piles in dogs. — Finlay Dun. 



