44 



is coaBser, and the buds are covered with, heavy scales 

 and sheltered hy long coarse leaves. llThite fir is par- 

 ticularly inflaramalole due to the resinous character of 

 the leaves and small flat "buds. The cedar buda are naked 

 and hence are easily heat killed. While the loss by heat 

 killing or burning of the crowns is very noticeable, it 

 is probable that in the aggregate that less than one haf 

 of the damage is from this source as compared with that 

 lost by the burning down of fire-mcarred trees. 



^3) Loss thru Pull and Reduction in Grade o f Lumber 

 Due t_o Fire -Bcara 



The loss through cull and reduction in the grade 

 of lumber manifests itself in the following two ways. 

 First, is the direct loss in timber value from cull due 

 to the presence tf the scars. Secondly, is t.he greater 

 and secondary loss due to rot. The typed of defects 

 caused by fire are fire-soar proper, cat -face, f ire- 

 scar and pitch, fire-scar and center-rot, and fire-scpr 

 and stump rot. Mill studies made by Swift Berry prove 

 that fire alone is often directly responsible for one- 

 half of the cull in logs. The lumber so lost is of ex- 

 cellent quality as it is from the larger butt logs. 



(4) Loss due t^ Reduction in Rate of Growt h of 

 Injured Trees 



As the rate of growth depends upon the rate of 



