THE LEAVES 



75 



12. Leaves named according to how the edge is 

 cut. Leaves are named not only according to the way in 

 which the ribs run, but according to the way in which the 

 leaf is cut. If the leaf is not cut at all, as in an upper 

 leaf of the ivy, it is called entire (iig. 47) ; if it is 

 cut like the edge of a saw, it is called saw-edged ; 

 if the cuts are deeper, as in the oak, it is called 

 toothed ; if still more cut into, as in fig. 45, it is 



Palm-like leaf of a Virginia creeper. 



Upper leaf of ivy {an 

 entire leaf). 



called Jobed ; if very deeply cut, as in cosmos, it is 

 said to be dissected. Often, the leaf is so edged that 

 one word cannot describe it. 



13. Leaves named according to their shape — as 

 a whole. When you look at a leaf as a whole, you 

 can often compare it in shape to a heart, or to an 

 egg, to a spear-head or an arrow-head or some 

 other well-known thing. Some are so narrow as to be 

 called hair-lil<e, others so round as to be Kke a round 

 shield; People do not always agree as to what a leaf 

 is like in shape : and if you look carefully, and call it 

 by some object you know, you need not trouble though' 

 your name is not the one given in some book. 



