HABITS OF THE OUANANIOHE 7 



established that there have been periods of years when 

 it was impossible for them to return, the dams being 

 insurmountable. Fishways have been constructed on 

 all the rivers in question, and thereby all of them have 

 been for part if not all of the time for the past twenty 

 years reopened, so that in some instances the sea-salmon 

 have ascended as far as the haunts of the landlocks ; 

 but I have no evidence that the landlocked salmon 

 have used these flshways. They may have done so to 

 a limited extent, but I have not heard of it. They do 

 not descend in sufficient numbers to warrant us in look- 

 ing for their return. I am not aware that the descent 

 of any of them to the sea has been observed, but it is 

 reported that they do, at the spawning season, descend 

 from Sebago Lake into the Presumpscot Eiver, and if 

 so we might expect them to return ma the fishway at 

 the outlet of the lake. It is a matter of tradition that 

 many years ago — say, forty or fifty — it was not uncom- 

 mon for landlocked salmon to be taken farther down 

 the Saint Croix and the Presumpscot than in recent 

 times, but I never gathered any considerable body of 

 testimony on this point," 



Tlie late Eev. Dr. Adamson, as long ago as 1856, in 

 referring* to the then debated question as to whether 

 the salmon of Lake Ontario went up the St. Lawrence 

 in the early spring, under the pavement of ice resting 

 upon its surface, or whether they spent the winter in 

 Lake Ontario, held that there was some foundation for 

 believing that salmon would not only live but breed also 

 in fresh water without visiting the s^a. Mr. L. Lloyd, 



* lu a paper read before the Canadian Institute, Dec. 6, 1856. 



