54. zAMBNia. 387 



5. Zamenis constrictor. 



Coluber constrictor, Linn. S. N. i. p. 885 (1766) ; Cateshy, Nat. 



Hist. Carol, ii. pi. xlviii. (1771) ; Baud. Rept. V\. p. 402 (1803) ; 



Harl. Joum. Ac. Philad. v. 1827, p. 348, and Med. Phys. lies. p. 112 



(1885) ; Schkff. Phys. Serp. ii. p. 133 (1887) ; Storer, Hep. Fish. 8/- 



Bept. Mass. p. 225 (1839) ; Holbr. N. Am. Serp. iii. p. 55, pi. xi. 



(1842) ; Be Kay, Faun. N. York, Rept. p. 35, pi. x. fig. 20 (1842) ; 



Garm. N. Am. Rept. p. 41, pi. iy. fig. 3 (1883) ; S. Garm. Bull. 



Illin. Lab. iii. 1892, p. 285. 

 flaviventris. Say, in Lony's Exped. Rochy Mount, ii. p. 185 



(1823) ; Harl. II. cc. ; Oarm. Bull. Essex Inst. xxiv. 1892, p. 107. 

 mormon, Baird 8^ Gir. in Stanshury's Exped. Great Salt Lake, 



p. 851 (1852). 

 Bascanion constrictor, Baird ^ Gir. Cat. N. Am. Rept. p. 93 (1858) ; 



Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Me.v., Rept. pi. xlviii. fig. 5 (1890) ; Cope, P-oo. 



U.S. Nat. Mus. xiv. 1892, p. 623. 



fremontii, Baird 8f Gir. I. c. p. 95. 



■ foxii, Baird ^ Gir. I. c. p. 96. 



flaviventris, Baird St Gir. I. c. p. 96 ; Bocourt, Miss. Sc. Mex., 



Rept. p. 697, pi. xlviii. fig. 8 (1890). 

 vetustus, Baird ^ Gir. I. c. p. 97 ; Gir. U.S. E.rplor. Exped., 



Herp. p. 127, pi. viii. figs. 12-19 (1858). 

 Masticophis mormon, Baird S/- Gir. I. c. p. 101 . 

 Ooryphodon constrictor, Bum. 8^ Bibr. vii. p. 188 (1854) ; Hallow. 



Proc. Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 242 ; Gilntfi. Cat. p. 108 (1858) ; Jan, 



Icon. G4n. 22, pi. iii. & pi. iv. figs. 1 & 2 (1867). 



' flaviventris, Hallow. Proc. Ac. Philad. 1856, p. 241. 



testaceus, part., Gunth. I. c. p. 108. 



constrictor flaviventris, Jan, op. cit. 48, pi. vi. fig. 2 (1876). 



Snout moderately prominent. Eostral as deep as broad or a 

 little broader, tbe portion visible from above measuring one third 

 to one half its distance from the frontal ; internasals shorter than 

 the prsefrontals ; frontal once and a half to once and three fourths 

 as long, as broad, anteriorly a little broader than the supraocular, as 

 long as or a little longer than its distance from the end of the 

 snout, nearly as long as the parietals ; loreal as long as deep or a 

 little longer ; one praeocular (rarely divided), with a small sub- 

 ocular below it ; two postoculars ; temporals 2 + 2 ; seven (rarely 

 eight) upper labials, third and fourth (or fourth and fifth) entering 

 the eye ; four lower labials in contact with the anterior chin- 

 shields ; posterior chin-shields as long as or a little shorter than 

 the anterior, and separated from each other by scales. Scales 

 smooth, in 17 rows. Ventrals not distinctly angulate laterally, 

 160-190 ; anal divided ; subcaudals 74-104. Olive to black 

 above ; young with transversely oval, dark, black-edged spots. 



Total length 1580 miUim. ; tail 370. 



North America, North Mexico. 



A. Black above and below ; lips and throat yellowish. 

 (C. constrictor.) 



a. 



9 (V. 175; 0. 97). New Orleans. 



b. 2 (V. 180; 0. 88). N. America. 



(,-. Skull. N. America. 



2c2 



