54. ZAMENIS. 395 



14. Zamenisrfeffleaensifc L^CyJ-^-^'* J^t 



Natrix gemonensia, Laur. 8yn. Rept. p. 76 (1768). 



Coluber caspius, Iwan, Voy. enMussie, i. p. 317, pi. xxi. (1769). 



Tiridiflavus, lacSp. Serp. p. 86 (1789) ; Baud. Rept. vi. p. 292 



(1803) ; Besmarest, Faun. Franq., Rept. pi. vi. (1826) ; Bonap. 



Icon. Faun. Ital. (1833) ; Schleg. Phys. Serp. ii. p. 180, pi. iv. 



figs. 11 & 12 (1837) ; Be Betta, Erp. 'Veron. p. 203 (1857). 



vulgaris, Bonnat. Encycl MSth., Ophiol. p. 28 (1790). 



communis, Bound. Zool. Beitr. iii. p. 208 (1798). 



sardus, Suckow, Anfangsgr. d. Naturg. iii. p. 224 (1798). 



luteostriatus,(?»ie^. Ber Naturf. xxviii. 1799, p. 170, pi. iii. fig. 2. 



jugularis, Georgi, Beschr. Russ. R. iii. p. 1882 (1800). 



petalarius, Georgi, I. c. p. 1883. 



atrovirens, Shaw, Zool. iii. p. 449 (1802) ; Metaxa, Man. Serp. 



Rom. p. 36 (1823). 



personatus, Baud. op. cit. viii. p. 324, pi. 0. fig. 2 (1803) ; 



Lesson, Act. Soc. Linn. Bord. xii. 1841, p. 59, pi. iii. 



trabalis. Pall. Zoogr. Ross.-As. iii. p. 42 (1811) ; Rathlie, M4m. 



Sav. JEtr. Ac. St.-Petersb. iii. 1837, p. 308, pi. i. fig. 8 ; Nordm. in 



Bemidoff, Voy. Russ. Mer. iii. p. 344, Rept. pi. v. (1840). 



glaucoides. Millet, Faune de Maine et Loire, i. p. xvi (1828). 



acontistes. Pall. I. c. p. 43. 



tbermalis. Pall. I. c. p. 44. 



erythrogaster, FiscJi. de Waldh. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. iv. 1832, 



p. 574. 

 Bothriophis erythrogaster, Eichio. Reise Kasp. Meer. i. pt. 2, p. 748 



(1837). 

 Coluber viridiflavus, var. carbonarius, Bonap. Mem. Ace. Tor. (2) ii. 



1839, p. 435. 

 Hsemorrhois trabalis, Bonap. I. c. p. 434 ; Fichw. Faun. Casp.-Cauc. 



p. 113 (1841). 

 Coelopeltis erythrogastra, Fichw. I. c. p. 121. 

 Zamenis .viridiflavus, Bum. Sf Bibr. vii. p. 686 (1854) ; Viaud- 



Grandmarais, Ft. Serp. Vend. p. 16 (1868) ; Fatio, Vert. Suisse, 



iii. p. 185 (1872) ; Be Betta, Faun. Ital, ReLt.Anf. p. 41 (1874) ; 



Schreib. Herp. Eur. p. 267 (1875) ; Jan, Icon. Gin. 48, pi. vi. 



figs. 4-7 (1876) ; Lataste, Serp. Gir. p. 158 (1876) ; Leydig, Abh. 



Senck. Ges. xiii. 1883, p. 180 ; R. Martin, Bull. Soc. H. N. Quest 



France, ii. 1892, p. 149. 



trabalis, Bum. 8f Bibr. t. c. p. 689 ; Strauch, Schl. Russ. R. 



p. 116 (1873). 



atrovirens, GUnth. Cat. p. 101 (1858). 



Tyria atrovirens, Cope, Proc. Ac. Philad. 1862, p. 338. 



? Bascanium anthicum. Cope, I. c. 



Zamenis caspicus, Jan, op. cit. 23, pi. i. (1867). 



gemonensis, Schreib. I. c. p. 272 ; Bedriaga, Bull. Soc. Nat. 



Mosc. Ivi. 1882, p. 293; Boetty. Sitzb. Ak. Berl. 1888, p. 173; 



Camerano, Mon. Ofld. Ital, Colubr. p. 41 (1891). 



caspius, Blanf. Zool E. Pers. p. 417 _ (1876). 



viridiflavus, vara, asiana et carbonaria, Boettg. Ber. Senck. Ges. 



1879-80, p. 151. 



Snout moderately prominent, obtuse. Eostral a little broader 

 than deep, the portion visible from above measuring one fourth to 

 two fifths its distance from the frontal ; internasals as long as or 

 shorter than the prsefrontals ; frontal not or but little broader than 

 the supraocular, once and two thirds to twice as long as broad, as 



