Early History of Entomology. 49 
occurs among the Aphides, or plant lice, though he did not 
discover that our bees, in the production of drones, illus- 
trate the same doctrine. Tbeugh the author of no system, 
he gave much aid to Réaumur in his systematic labor. 
At this same period systematic entomology received great 
aid from Lyonnet’s valuable work. This author dissected 
and explained the development of a caterpillar. His de- 
criptions and illustrations are wonderful, and will proclaim 
his ability as long as entomology is studied. 
We have next to speak of the great Dane, Fabricius—a 
student of Linnseus—who published his works from 1775 
to. 1798, and thus was revolutionizing systematic entomol- 
ogy at the same time that we of America were revolution- 
izing government. He made the mouth organs the basis 
of his classification, and thus followed in the path which 
DeGeer had marked out; though it was scarcely beaten by 
the latter, while Fabricius left it wide and deep. His 
classes and orders are no improvement on, in fact, are not 
nearly as correct as his old master’s. In his description of 
genera—where he pretended to follow nature—he has ren- 
dered valuable service. In leading scientists to study parts, 
before little regarded, and thus to better establish affinities, 
he did a most valuable work. His work is a standard, and 
should be thoroughly studied by all entomologists. 
Just at the close of the last century appeared the “ great- 
est Roman of them all,” the great Latreille, of France, 
whose name we have so frequently used in the classifica- 
tion of the honey bee. His is called the Elective System, 
as he used wings, mouth-parts, transformations, in fact, all 
the organs, the entire structure. He gave us our Famil} 
Apide, our Genus Apis, and, as will. be remembered, he 
described several of the species of this genus. In our study 
of this great man’s work we constantly marvel at his exten- 
sive researches and remarkable talents. Lamarck, of this 
time did very admirable work. So, too, did Cuvier, of 
Napoleon’s time, and the learned Dr. Leach, of England. 
Since then we have had hosts of workers in this field, and 
many worthy of not only mention but praise; yet the 
work has been to rub up and garnish rather than to create. 
Of late Mr. E. T. Cresson, of Philadelphia, has given a 
