Frames Described. 193 
lacks force in view of the fact that many who have been 
most successful use this frame. Indeed, with thorough 
protection this frame is as good as any, and most bee- 
keepers are learning that in our northern states protection 
is absolutely essential to success. 
That we shall ever have a uniform frame used by all 
apiarists, though exceedingly desirable, is too much to be 
hoped. I do not think there is sufficient advantage in any 
form to warrant us in holding to it, if by yielding we 
could secure this uniformity. Nor do I think the form and 
size so material as to make it generally desirable for the 
apiarist to change all his hives, to secure a different style 
of frame. 
To make a Langstroth frame I would use a top-bar 
(Fig. 69). The figure illustrates a Gallup frame which 
is square and will serve to make this explanation clearer; 
eighteen and seven-eighths (1576 ) inches long, seven- 
Fic. 69. 
Gallup Frame, 
a Top-bar. ¢ Comb guide. 
8, 6 Side-bars or uprights, @ Bottom-bar, 
eighths (7) of an inch wide, and one-fourth (1) of an 
inch thick. The end-bars (Fig. 47, 4, 6) should be eight 
and five-eighths (854) inches long and as wide and thick 
as the top-bar. The top-bar is fastened to the end-bars as 
shown in the figure by nailing through it into the ends of 
the end-bars, so as to leave the top-bar projecting three- 
fourths (34) of an inch. The bottom-bar is seventeen and 
three-eighths (1734) inches long, and as wide and thick as 
the other parts—though it may be only one-half as thick 
if preferred. It is also nailed to the ends of the end-bars, 
so that.it is as long as the frame. 
13 
