330 MANUAL OF GARDENING 



Cork elm, U. racemosa* 



Softer in aspect than the last, and more picturesque in winter, having promi- 

 nent ridges of baric on its branches ; slow grower. 



Red or slippery elm, V . Julva.^ 



Occasionally useful in a group or shelter-belt ; a stiff grower. 



English elm, V. campestris, and Scotch or wych elm, U. scabra (U. 

 mantana) . 



Often planted, but are inferior to U. Americana for street planting, al- 

 though useful in collections. These have many horticultural forms. 



Non-coniferous trees for the South. 



Among deciduous trees for the region of Washington and 

 south may be mentioned: Acer, the American and European 

 species as for the North; Catalpa hignonioides and especially 

 C speciosa; celtis; cercis, both American and Japanese; flower- 

 ing dogwood, profusely native; white ash; ginkgo; koelreuteria; 

 sweet gum (liquidambar) ; American hnden; tulip tree; mag- 

 nolias much as for the North; China-berry (Melia Azedarach); 

 Texas umbrella-tree (var. umbraculiformis of the preceding); 

 mulberries; oxydendrum; paulownia; oriental plane-tree; 

 native oaks of the regions; Robinia Pseudacacia; weeping 

 willow; Sophora Japonica; Sterculia platanifolia; American 

 elm. 



Broad-leaved evergreens of real tree size useful for the South 

 may be found among the cherry laurels, magnolias, and oaks. 

 Among the cherry laurels are : Portugal laurel (Prunus Liusi- 

 tanica), English cherry laurel in several forms (P. Laurocerasus) , 

 and the "mock-orange" or "wild orange" (P. Caroliniana). 

 In magnolia, the splendid M. grandiflora is everywhere used. 

 In oaks, the live-oak (Quercus Virginiana, known also as 

 Q. virens and Q. sempervirens) is the universal species. The 

 cork oak (Q. Suber) is also recommended. 



