AND CELEBRATED GARDENS 
These travellers brought back with them to this country the 
seeds and roots of foreign plants and herbs, which quickly adapted 
themselves to our climate: and as Elizabeth, who is said to 
have loved flowers, like her father encouraged gardening, when 
once the fame of Raleigh’s collections had spread abroad—it will 
be seen—when we come to the Chelsea ‘‘ Physicke Garden ”—that 
more than one distinguished botanist and horticulturalist was 
attracted to this country from the Continent. 
The orchard, in Elizabethan times, is frequently mentioned, and 
would almost appear to be synonymous with the garden. In 
Much Ado About Nothing, Hero, standing with Margaret in 
Leonato’s garden, in which the scene is laid, bids her go seek out 
Beatrice, and 
‘* Whisper her ear and tell her, I and Ursula 
Walk in the orchard, and our whole discourse 
Is all of her: say that thou overheard’st us 
And bid her steal into the pleached bower, 
Where honeysuckles, ripen’d by the sun, 
Forbid the sun to enter SO WCE Re aM 
Be ilae 8s tae there will she hide her, 
To listen to our purpose.”’ 
The “ pleached” (i.e., the intertwined and interwoven bower) 
the maze, and the bowling-green, were all indispensable adjuncts of 
the pleasure-grounds attached to the abode of any person of 
social importance. 
The word ‘‘ arbour,” which, as previously remarked, had to us 
a doubtful meaning as employed in Chaucer’s time, had in Shake- 
speare’s day certainly come to be used more in our modern sense. 
The arbour was then commonly constructed of timber. 
Henry VIII., in the Privy Purse expenses in 1593, was charged 
five shillings for the making of an arbour at “* Baynardes Castell.’ 
I think it is only in the same restricted sense that Shakespeare, 
in the passage quoted above, put into Hero’s mouth the word 
** bower.” He means an arbour in the modern sense, but a rather 
large one. Such a ‘“‘ bower”? Horace Walpole had in mind when 
planning his garden at Strawberry Hill more than one hundred 
and fifty years later. He wrote: ‘‘ My bower is determined, but 
not at all what it should be. . . . I had determined that the outside 
should be of treillage (trellis)... .. Rosamond’s bower, as you 
9 
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