SCALE -WINGED INSECTS 



717 



wings, thick, tapering bodies, and the antennae 

 thickest in the middle. The pink, greenish- 

 striped Elephant Hawk-muth (see page 718) 

 is a comparatively small species. The speci- 

 mens measure about 2^ inches across the wings. 

 Some species are much larger. The Death's- 

 HEAD Hawk-moth, whose caterpillar feeds on 

 potato-leaves, is 5 or 6 inches in expanse ; and 

 some of the South American species measure 

 as much as 9 inches. The caterpillars of the 

 hawk-moths are generally green, often with 

 oblique lines of a different colour on the sides. 

 They are not hairy, though the skin is some- 

 times rough, and there is a fleshy appendage, 

 called a "horn," on the back, just before the 

 extremity of the body. The brown pupas 

 are found in cells in the ground. 



The Chinese 



f Aolo ty E. C. Alkinim 



ORANGE-TIP 



Shozving three different positions ivhen ivings are folded^ and partly 

 or entircl'i concealing upper ivin^ 



i\IUL BERRY-SILK- 

 WORM, which pro- 

 duces most of the 

 silk of commerce, 

 is a smooth, 



whitish caterpillar, about 2 inches long, with a horn. It is 

 often reared in England on lettuce. The moth is a sluggish, 

 stout-bodied insect. It is whitish, with two dusky stripes on the 

 fore wings. The pupa is enclosed in an oval whitish or yellow 

 cocoon of pure silk. 



The EmperOR-MOTHS, of which there is only one species 

 in England, likewise spin large cocoons, sometimes used for 



Photo by J. Edwards, Colabomi 



LARGE grizzled 

 SKIPPER BUTTERFLY 



Upper- and undersides 



commercial purposes. The 

 caterpillars are generally more 

 or less spiny or tufted. Some 

 of the moths have long tails 

 on the hind wings, like swallow- 

 tailed butterflies, and there 

 are several species in South 

 Europe, South Africa, the East 

 Indies, and North America of 

 a beautiful sea-green colour. 

 It will be noticed that the 

 specimens represented on page 

 718 have the tails a little 

 broken, which is a very com- 

 mon accident with swallow- 

 tailed butterflies and moths. 

 We may also notice the round 



M./. */ IV. p. Dand,, F.Z.S. 



SWALLOW-TAILED BUTTERFLY 



