34 MANUAL OF PACK TKANSPOKTATIOK. 



three-quarters of an inch thick; the ends must be rounded on one 

 side. The rounded or tapered ends to face the inside of back piece 

 of the aparejo; it is 'positively forbidden to insert a "boot stick" in 

 the aparejo that requires /orce to adjust it across the bottom of the 

 boot, by so doing, when the aparejo dries, the ends of the boot stick 

 project over the sewing at ends of the aparejo, and soon wears itself 

 through the leather, as well as bursting the sewing at ends of the 

 aparejo. A good substitute is the straight portion of a disused 

 wagon bow. 



Introduce a "boot stick" .through hand-hole on each panel, and 

 adjust it across the bottom of the boot, the side of the boot stick to 

 be parallel with the sides of the aparejo, the flat surface of stick to 

 face the inside of belly piece of the aparejo. 



As the aparejo will take from twenty-five to thirty sticks (willow) 

 on each side — that is, when laid side by side — it is well, before com- 

 mencing to "rib up" the aparejo, to make three divisions of the 

 sticks to be employed, say twenty in each division, rejecting any that 

 are not straight or have any malformation, the largest for No. 1, the 

 medium for No. 2, and the smallest for No. 3; commencing with the 

 first that fits under the collar of the aparejo, which may have a diam- 

 eter of three-quarters of an inch, lessening the diameter progressively 

 to the last at rear, the diameter of which must be three-eighths of an 

 inch. 



Now take two sticks of division No. 1, largest size, and mate them 

 as to size and toughness, one for each side, to fit under collar at front 

 of aparejo. 



Before introducing the first four or five sticks it is well to provide 

 a taper of about 2 inches long on butt end of sticks, as they can thus 

 keep position all the better on the fiat surface of the boot stick when 

 placing them in position under the collar of the aparejo."* 



In measuring the length of stick, place the stick on the aparejo, butt 

 end resting on lower edge of boot stick and in ahgnment under the 

 collar; mark the stick in line with the stitching of collar at its' for- 

 ward part and cut off with pocketknife; round and smooth off the 

 top surface. 



Introduce the stick through sht provided on each side at center 

 stitch line, butt end first, and press to forward corner of boot, the end 

 of stick resting against and over * the flattened surface of the boot 

 stick, then bring the stick to place under the collar at the forward 

 edge of the aparejo. 



Under no circumstances permit a stick to take position that is too 

 long or too short, throughout the operation. 



Having placed the first two sticks in position, one on either side of 

 the aparejo, under the collar, select two more in similar manner as 

 the first two, but be careful that they are not of greater diameter or 

 toughness; this rule must positively be adhered to in the taper and 

 toughness of each corresponding pair of sticks throughout the opera- 

 tion from front to rear. Any departure from this rule will marlc 



"A flat surface provided on butt end of sticks will prevent their rolling from position 

 at the front corner of the boot; these sticks, being of larger diameter, are apt to be 

 pressed out of position during the process of ribbing. 



b This occurs in the process of ribbing. The aparejo is spread out its full length, 

 the belly or body piece upward. When the aparejo stands on its boots, the sticks 

 show they are against and under the boot stick. 



