MANUAL OF PACK TEANSPOETATION. 125 



HOW TO CONSTRUCT A TRAVOIS. 



Sec. 50. Secure two poles from 14 to 16 feet long, as light as can 

 be had, the diameter at the smaller ends being not greater than 2 

 inches. 



Six inches from the butt end of each pole cut a notch deep enough 

 to receive a sling or lair rope. 



Take a manta and place poles thereon at opposite edges, leaving 

 about 6 feet of the butt end of the poles extended beyond the manta. 

 Roll the poles toward one another, leaving a space of 2 or 3 feet 

 between tne poles. Lace the poles to the manta by means of lace 

 strings or small rope, or secure with horseshoe nails, always available. 



Take a sling or lair rope and near middle of rope secure the butt 

 end of each pole where the notches were cut. . Use half hitches (see 

 figs. 72, 73, 74) and allow about 18 inches of rope between the two 

 poles. 



Raise the poles and so place them that the center of the rope 

 between the poles will rest on the center of the aparejo on the mule. 

 Secure the poles to the aparejo with pole hitch. (Sec. 37.) 



The construction should be strengthened by a distance pole lashed 

 to poles below the manta. 



One packer should lead the animal, and two should be in rear to 

 hold up ends of travois in bad places or in crossing streams. 



To enable them to hold the ends up, a rope should be attached to 

 end of each pole. 



HOW TO IMPROVISE A STRETCHER. 



Sec. 51. Cut two poles 3 feet long; double sling them (sec. 29), 

 and tie down to boot of aparejo. Cut two poles 2 feet long; place one 

 in front and one in rear of aparejo, crosswise; mark and notch and 

 secure to side poles. This should bring the cross poles 2 inches clear 

 of the aparejo. 



Cut two poles 6 feet long to form frame for stretcher. Take a 

 manta and place the poles on the opposite edges of manta. Roll 

 toward center, leaving a width of 20 inches between the outer edges 

 of the poles. Lace manta to poles, or secure with horseshoe nails, 

 which are always convenient. Place a distance pole at each end, 

 notch, and secure. The plane of the canvas should ride on top. 

 Secure body to stretcher by a lacing over body, clearing the stomach. 

 Secure poles of stretcher at front and rear to each crosspiece and lash 

 stretcher to aparejo. (Figs. 104, 105, 106, 107.) 



Fig. 104 shows adjustment of bamboo frame to the aparejo prior to 

 lashing litter thereto. 



Fig. 105 shows method of attaching litter to bamboo frame, the 

 crosspieces passing through legs of litter at front and rear as a hold- 

 fast and lashed to aparejo — near-side view. 



Fig. 106 shows position of wounded on litter, fig. 107 showing off- 

 side view. Jolo pack train carrying wounded soldiers to the sea from 

 the interior. 



Note.— The writer is indebted to Maj. Gen. H. L. Scott, Chief of 

 Staff, United States Army, for the above views. 



